Khotyn | Хотин | חוטיןA Jewish Community on the Dniester

Khotyn, Ukraine · 48°29′ N, 26°30′ E

Sources & Bibliography

A comprehensive, linked bibliography and repository guide for the books, articles, archives, records, maps, databases, images, and memorial sources used for Jewish Khotyn.

Using this bibliography

Entries are grouped by kind of source and listed once. Citations give the fullest publication or archival detail available; the links lead to digital copies, catalogue entries, or the institution that holds the material. Original titles are retained, with transliterations and English translations where needed. For maps and photographs used on the site, the final credits section records the applicable source and reuse terms.

References follow Chicago bibliography style. Non-Latin titles include a transliteration and English translation; titles already in the Latin alphabet are followed by an English translation. Undated web resources were consulted on 24 September 2026. Chapter page ranges accompany the stories that use them.

Books, memorial volumes, and published document collections

  1. Ciobanu, Ștefan, ed. Basarabia: Monografie regională [Bessarabia: A Regional Monograph]. Chișinău: Imprimeria Statului, 1926. Khotyn: pp. 92–93 and 195–199. Read source
  2. Daragan, Mikhail. Военно-статистическое обозрение Российской империи: Бессарабская область (Voenno-statisticheskoe obozrenie Rossiiskoi imperii: Bessarabskaia oblast’) [Military Statistical Survey of the Russian Empire: Bessarabia Region]. Vol. 11, pt. 3. St. Petersburg: General Staff Department Printing House, 1849. Library catalogue
  3. Dmitriev, P. G., and P. V. Sovetov, eds., Moldova în epoca feudalismului [Moldavia in the feudal era], vol. VII, pts. I–II: Recensămintele populației Moldovei din anii 1772–1773 și 1774 [Censuses of the population of Moldavia in 1772–1773 and 1774] (Chișinău: Știința, 1975), Hotin Jewish fiscal/household list; Genealogica digital edition. Read source
  4. Editorial collective. Хотинское восстание 1919 года: документы и материалы (Khotinskoe vosstanie 1919 goda: dokumenty i materialy) [The Khotyn uprising of 1919: Documents and materials] (Chișinău, 1976), 443 pp.
  5. Gottlober, Avraham Ber. “מסע ברוסיה החדשה” (Masa be-Rusya ha-Hadasha) [Journey in New Russia]. 1864. Reprinted in זכרונות ומסעות (Zikhronot u-masa’ot [Memoirs and travels]). Jerusalem: Bialik Institute, 1976. Read digitized text.
  6. Gumenâi, Ion. Istoria ținutului Hotin: de la origini până la 1806 [History of the Hotin district: From its origins to 1806] (Chișinău: Civitas, 2002). Read source
  7. International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania. Final Report, ed. Tuvia Friling, Radu Ioanid, and Mihail E. Ionescu (Iași: Polirom, 2004), especially the Bessarabia, Bukovina, and Transnistria chapters. Read source
  8. Iorga, Nicolae. Neamul Românesc în Basarabia [The Romanian people in Bessarabia] (1905), Hotin visit section. Contemporary travel account; its antisemitic rhetoric requires source-critical reading.
  9. Iorga, Nicolae. Studii și documente cu privire la istoria românilor [Studies and documents concerning Romanian history], vol. VI, pt. II (Bucharest, 1904), p. 381, nos. 1292–1293: order of 29 July 1742 concerning Jewish merchants Avram and Boroh of the Khotyn raya. Read source
  10. Mircu, Marius. Pogromurile din Basarabia și alte câteva întâmplări [The pogroms in Bessarabia and several other events] (Bucharest, 1947), Khotin passages.
  11. Schwarzfeld, Elias. Din istoria evreilor: împopularea, reîmpopularea și întemeierea târgurilor și târgușoarelor în Moldova [From Jewish history: The settlement, resettlement, and founding of towns and market towns in Moldavia] (Bucharest, 1914), Hotin/1742 discussion. Read source
  12. Shitnovitzer, Shlomo, ed. ספר קהילת חוטין (בסרביה) (Sefer kehilat Ḥoṭin (Besarabyah)) [Book of the Khotyn Community (Bessarabia)]. Tel Aviv: Khotin (Bessarabia) Society, 1974. 333 pp. Hebrew and Yiddish. English chapter translations at JewishGen; original volume at the New York Public Library. JewishGen Yizkor Book Project: authorized English translations and table of contents New York Public Library: digitized original
  13. Zashchuk, A. I. Материалы для географии и статистики России, собранные офицерами Генерального штаба: Бессарабская область (Materialy dlia geografii i statistiki Rossii, sobrannye ofitserami General’nogo shtaba: Bessarabskaia oblast’) [Materials for the Geography and Statistics of Russia, Collected by General Staff Officers: Bessarabia Region]. Vol. 2. St. Petersburg, 1862. See p. 183.

Articles, chapters, and periodicals

  1. American Jewish Committee. “Events in 5676: June 1, 1915, to May 31, 1916.” American Jewish Year Book 18 (1916): 80–220. Read source
  2. Amosova, Svetlana, and Maria Kaspina. “Детские воспоминания о праздниках: евреи и славяне о Пуриме” (“Detskie vospominaniia o prazdnikakh: evrei i slaviane o Purime”) [Childhood Memories of Holidays: Jews and Slavs on Purim]. Лехаим (Lekhaim) [To Life], no. 2 (214), February 2010. Digital article
  3. Mutlu, Emre. “Migration on the Last Frontier: Migration Movements in Late 18th-Century Khotyn.” Codrul Cosminului [The Forest of Cosmin] XXXI (2025): 321–344. Read source
  4. Svinin, Pavel P. “Письмо к брату моему — из Хотина” (Pis’mo k bratu moemu — iz Khotina) [Letter to my brother from Khotyn]. Сын Отечества (Syn Otechestva) [Son of the Fatherland] 31, no. 30 (1816): 140–149.
  5. Рассвет (Rassvet) [Dawn]. 17 April 1915, report on expulsions of Jewish farmers from Khotin County; presently accessible through the later Bessarabian historical citation. Read translation

Encyclopedias and reference works

  1. Ancel, Jean, and Theodore Lavi, eds. “חוטין” (Ḥoṭin) [Khotyn]. In פנקס הקהילות: רומניה (Pinkas ha-kehilot: Romanyah [Encyclopedia of Jewish Communities: Romania]), vol. 2, 353–57. Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 1980. Read English translation.
  2. Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia. “Хотин” (Khotin) [Khotyn]. Read source
  3. Encyclopaedia Judaica, 2nd ed. “Khotin” (2007); online reproduction at Jewish Virtual Library. Read source
  4. Encyclopedia of Ukraine. “Khotyn Uprising.” Read source
  5. Encyclopedia of Ukraine. “Khotyn.” Read source

Censuses, statistics, and directories

  1. A. Egunov, Bessarabian Statistical Committee publications, 1860s, cited by Ștefan Ciobanu, Basarabia: Monografie regională (Chișinău: Imprimeria Statului, 1926), vol. 2, p. 200; vol. 3, pp. 287–288. Exact original publication and title remain to be identified; consult Ciobanu before using these figures.
  2. Anuarul Socec al României-Mari [Socec yearbook of Greater Romania]. 1923/24–1925 editions, Hotin section (around p. 2033 in the 1924/25 edition).
  3. Bessarabian address-calendar editors. Адрес-календарь Бессарабской губернии (Adres-kalendar’ Bessarabskoi gubernii) [Address calendar of Bessarabia Governorate], editions 1909, 1910 (and supplement), 1911, 1912, 1913, and 1914; Hotin city and district entries. National Library of Russia catalogue
  4. Romanian Central Statistical Institute. Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930 [General census of the population of Romania of 29 December 1930], Hotin town and county tables. Read source
  5. Russian Empire. Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской империи 1897 г. (Pervaia vseobshchaia perepis’ naseleniia Rossiiskoi imperii 1897 g.) [First General Census of the Russian Empire, 1897], Bessarabia/Khotin town tables.

Archival collections, records, and finding aids

  1. American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee Archives. New York Office, 1933–1944, Countries and Regions: Latvia–Yugoslavia finding aid; entry “Chotin, Bessarabia, 1939,” with related Romania relief, medical, yeshiva, and welfare files. View archive catalogue
  2. Center for the Study of the History of the Jews in Romania (CSIER). Hotin Jewish Community file, 1920–1940, “Activitate. Instituții.” Read source
  3. European Holocaust Research Infrastructure. Description of USHMM-selected Chernivtsi archival records and related collection units. View archive catalogue
  4. FamilySearch. Catalog entry for Jewish metrical books associated with Khotin/Khotyn and Chernivtsi State Archive holdings, including material cataloged under fond 1245. View archive catalogue
  5. Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, Fontes. State Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast digital-archive description and link to the archive. Read source
  6. J-Roots. Khotin/Hotin archival-research forum thread, including researcher-supplied archival file references for Khotin revision lists and other record groups. The thread includes researcher-supplied archival file references that can be compared with the holding archive’s catalog. Read source
  7. JewishGen Bessarabia Research Division. “Chotiner Hospital Moshev Zkenim Relief.” Records at YIVO, Record Group 1120, Box 3; 1934–1935 and 1946–1947. Collection description.
  8. National Archives Agency of the Republic of Moldova. Fond 11, cartographic collection, approximately 1,930 units dated 1800–1942; includes Bessarabian and Khotin-region maps. Consult the archive catalog for item-level call numbers. Read source
  9. Soviet Council for Religious Cults. Ukrainian SSR reports on registered synagogues and religious communities, 1952–1953. Central State Archives of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine (TsDAVO), fond 4648; digitized by J-Doc, item 990 and related Chernivtsi Oblast reports. Read source
  10. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Selected archival records relating to Chernivtsi Oblast and wartime Jewish persecution; collection search and catalog. View archive catalogue

Maps, prints, and historical images

  1. Carey, Mathew. Khotin/Choczim detail from a map of Poland and adjoining lands, 1800. Boston Public Library, Norman B. Leventhal Map & Education Center, item 12332; public-domain map. Read source
  2. Dahn. “Khotin Uprising on January 19, 1919,” 2020, based on published historical mapping; CC BY 4.0; Wikimedia Commons. View image and rights
  3. Daniel Nikolaus Chodowiecki, after. Battle Near Chozim on Sept. 18, 1769, eighteenth century. Los Angeles County Museum of Art, accession 55.103.163; public-domain digital image. View image and rights
  4. François Grata; Pieter van der Aa; Romeyn de Hooghe. Plan exact des fortifications du Château de Choczim sur le Niester [Exact plan of the fortifications of Khotyn Castle on the Dniester], 1729. Leiden; Harvard Map Collection copy; digital reproduction via Wikimedia Commons. View image and rights
  5. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin. Map of Khotyn, c. 1739, call no. Kart. X 48630; digital reproduction via Wikimedia Commons. View image and rights
  6. Wikimedia Commons. “Historical images of Khotyn” category, with file-level source and licensing pages for historic photographs, maps, and artwork. View image and rights
  7. Witzleben, August von. Published depiction of the siege/battle of Khotin in 1788, in an 1859 historical work; public-domain digital reproduction via Wikimedia Commons. View image and rights

Oral histories and recordings

  1. Gottesman, Itzik. “וווּ ביסטו געווען” (“Vu bistu geven”) [Where Were You?]. Performed by Rose (Roza/Reyzl) Jaffe. Recorded at Circle Lodge, Sylvan Lake, New York, ca. 1987. Yiddish Song of the Week, November 1, 2023. Published online under the heading “Vi zent ir geveyn?” Recording and commentary
  2. Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage. “Yiddish Wedding Hop: The Archives of Song Collector Ruth Rubin,” on Khotin-born folklorist Ruth Rubin. View archive catalogue

Databases, cemetery surveys, and institutional resources

  1. Center for Jewish Art, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Khotyn Jewish cemetery documentation. Read source
  2. European Jewish Cemeteries Initiative (ESJF). “Khotyn Jewish Cemetery.” Survey: site adjacent to 3 Tychyny Street, Khotyn, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine; coordinates 48.52322, 26.46852; perimeter 1,120 m; approximately 3,000 extant gravestones; stone fence, ohel, and administration building recorded. Direct survey.
  3. JDC Archives. Names Index and remittance-list collections, including Romania and Bessarabia-related materials. View archive catalogue
  4. JewishGen Bessarabia Research Division. “Bessarabia Revision Lists” database description and project documentation. View database
  5. JewishGen Bessarabia Research Division. “Khotin Jewish Cemetery” project. Photographed and indexed July 2010; 2,693 burial records and 2,693 photographs uploaded to JOWBR. Read source
  6. JewishGen Bessarabia Research Division. “Khotin” town page: projects, documents, cemetery data, alternate names, and indexed collections. Read source
  7. JewishGen Ukraine Research Division. Ukraine archive and holdings guide. Read source
  8. JewishGen. JewishGen Online Worldwide Burial Registry (JOWBR). Search Khotin/Khotyn burial records and photographs. View database
  9. JewishGen. Romania–Moldova Database, including Bessarabia Vital Records, Revision Lists, voter lists, directories, and related datasets. View database
  10. Khotyn State Historical-Architectural Reserve (Державний історико-архітектурний заповідник “Хотинська фортеця”). “Хотинський Голокост” (Khotyns’kyi Holokost) [The Khotyn Holocaust]. January 27, n.d. Read article.
  11. Khotyn State Historical-Architectural Reserve. Official heritage information on the fortress and modern site. Read source
  12. Miriam Weiner Routes to Roots Foundation / JewishGen Bessarabia. “Introduction to Miriam Weiner Archive Database,” with Bessarabia archival examples and Khotin-region documents. Read source
  13. Museum of Family History. Independent Chotiner Bessarabian Benevolent Association, Wellwood Cemetery, New York: landsmanshaft and burial-plot documentation. Read source
  14. My Shtetl / JewUA. “Jewish Khotyn.” Modern heritage photographs, synagogue and cemetery context, and local historical compilation. Read source
  15. Routes to Roots Foundation. Archive database and inventories for towns in the former Russian Empire, Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine; search Hotin/Khotin/Khotyn. Read source
  16. Yad Vashem. Central Database of Shoah Victims’ Names and document/testimony collections; search Khotin/Hotin/Khotyn and variants. Read source
  17. Хотин туристичний / Khotyn Tourist, official tourism site of the Khotyn community. “Синагога” (Synahoha) [Synagogue]. Local historical description, present use, and mapped location of the former Great Synagogue. Direct page.

Image and map credits

  1. 1800 Choczim detail of map of Poland. Mathew Carey, 1800. Boston Public Library, Map Center, item 12332. Public Domain Mark 1.0. File and license record.
  2. A class at the Talmud Torah “Club” school. Historical photograph, date unspecified. Khotyn memorial book, page 149, via JewishGen. Photographer uncredited; rights remain with the original holders.
  3. ANRM, Fototeca, 24947. Parade in Chișinău, 4 July 1940. Romanian National Archives exhibition; reuse permitted with attribution. Image and permission record.
  4. Battle of Khotyn, 1788. August von Witzleben, published 1859 in Prinz Friedrich Josias von Coburg Saalfeld. Public-domain work and reproduction. File and license record.
  5. Chotiner Youth Branch 271 of the Workmen’s Circle: illustrated heading reproduced in the 1974 memorial book, page 250. Source page. Rights remain with the original holders.
  6. Family portraits of Kalman Vaynshteyn and Baruch Vaynshteyn’s family; portrait of Rabbi Mordechai Yisrael Twersky; undated historical fortress view. Photographers and contributor information have not been identified. Captions preserve the supplied identifications.
  7. Former Great Synagogue, Khotyn. Vadim Anis, 27 April 2008. CC BY-SA 4.0. Wikimedia Commons; the packaged photograph is used under that license.
  8. Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Battle Near Chozim on Sept. 18, 1769, after Daniel Nikolaus Chodowiecki, accession 55.103.163. Public domain. Museum record.
  9. Royzner, Anna. Photographs of Khotyn, 2013. Photographer credited individually in the gallery and wherever the photographs appear.
  10. The old Old Age Home. Historical photograph, date unspecified. Khotyn memorial book, page 135, via JewishGen. Photographer uncredited; rights remain with the original holders.
  11. “73-250-0001 Khotyn Fortress RB 24.” Roman Brechko (Rbrechko), 11 October 2019. CC BY-SA 4.0. File and license record.
  12. “Ethnische Karte Bessarabiens 1930” [Ethnic map of Bessarabia, 1930]. Ethnographic map based on Romanian census context. CC BY-SA 3.0 / GFDL. Wikimedia Commons.
  13. “Khotyn (Hotin). Great synagogue.” Unknown photographer, c. 1900–1925. Public domain. Wikimedia Commons. File and license record.
  14. “Khotyn SobornayaStreet.” Unknown photographer, dated 1 January 1917 on Wikimedia Commons; source listed there as a historical postcard/reproduction. Public domain (PD-RusEmpire; U.S. publication before 1931). File and license record.
  15. “Khotyn StarayaStreet.jpg.” Unknown photographer, dated 1 January 1917. Historic postcard; public domain (PD-RusEmpire; U.S. pre-1931). Wikimedia Commons. File and license record.
  16. “Khotyn TorgovayaStreet.jpg.” Unknown photographer, dated 1 January 1917. Historic postcard; public domain (PD-RusEmpire; U.S. pre-1931). Wikimedia Commons. File and license record.
  17. “Khotyn Uprising on January 19, 1919.” Dahn, 2020. CC BY 4.0. File and license record.
  18. “Khotyn, Dovid Shmuels Kloyz and Talmud Torah.” Unknown photographer, 1930. Source noted by Wikimedia Commons as YIVO Institute for Jewish Research / JewUA; Commons marks the image public domain under the applicable Ukrainian anonymous-work rationale. File and license record.
  19. “Khotyn-Ukraine-Map.PNG.” Dmytro S. / DDima, 2007. CC BY 2.5; also offered under CC BY-SA 3.0/GFDL. File and license record.
  20. “KhotynFortress Dniester.” Unknown photographer, 1917 postcard. Public domain (PD-RusEmpire; U.S. publication before 1931). File and license record.
  21. “Map of Khotyn (around 1739).” Unknown creator. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Kart. X 48630. Public Domain Mark 1.0. File and license record.
  22. “Russian Bessarabia, 1883.” Historical map. Public domain. Wikimedia Commons. File and rights record.
  23. “Ukraine-Khotyn-Cemetery-Mass-Grave.” Nonquotidian, 19 October 2008. CC BY-SA 3.0; also offered under GFDL/FAL. File and license record.