Find records
Search names in JewishGen’s Romania–Moldova Database. BessarabiaSIG volunteers have indexed many of the collections listed below. Try Khotyn, Khotin, and Hotin when searching by town.
Filter this table to find a collection, then follow its search, image, or catalogue link. “Details and source” gives published counts and archival references. Records held by an archive may have a separate online index.
For unfamiliar terms, see the Record and Archive Glossary.
For the conditions behind the prewar journeys to America, read 1880–1914: Leaving Khotyn.
Scroll within the table to browse the collections. Column headings stay visible; on smaller screens, scroll sideways to see every column.
| Access | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1774 | Jewish fiscal/household list for Khotyn Census & RevisionEarliest substantial name-level Jewish list presently identified. Identifiers may be patronymics, occupations, origins, relationships, or nicknames rather than hereditary surnames. | Khotyn town; 59 Jewish entries in published transcription | Digitized materialDetails and sourceDmitriev & Sovetov, Moldova în epoca feudalismului , vol. VII; Genealogica. Source reference | |
| Nineteenth century onward | Jewish cemetery burials and gravestones CemeteryNames, dates, inscriptions, and gravestone photographs. | Khotyn cemetery | Name indexDetails and sourceBessarabiaSIG reports 2,693 burial records and 2,693 photographs uploaded to JOWBR from the 2010 project. Source reference | |
| 1808 | Residents by occupation and status Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 1,347 entries. FHL microfilm 2,382,974. Inventory category: Merchants, Middle Class, Laborers, Teachers, etc. Its family/class column reads “425”. “Middle Class” refers to a historical legal status. Source reference | |
| 1808 | Residents listed with other inhabitants Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 385 entries. FHL microfilm 2,382,974. Inventory category: mixed with other residents. Its family/class column reads “385”. Count discrepancy: the June 2023 upload report gives 340 entries, while the current inventory gives 385. Source reference | |
| 1824 | Baptized people and foreigners Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 16 entries. FHL microfilm 2,377,248. Inventory category: Baptized, Foreigners. Its family/class column reads “16”. Source reference | |
| 1824 | Khotyn kehila household heads Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn kehila and surrounding villages | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 1,038 entries. FHL microfilm 2,377,247. Inventory category: Only Heads of Households. Its family/class column reads “1,038”. Registered community membership may include residence in surrounding villages. Source reference | |
| 1825 | People outside the recognized estate categories Census & RevisionThree Khotyn entries in a regional registration list. | Khotyn entries within a regional list | Name indexDetails and sourceJune 2026 upload: 3 Khotyn entries within 132 regional entries. FHL microfilm 2378244. Source reference | |
| 1835 | Households: townspeople Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 5,057 entries. FHL microfilm 2,360,591. Inventory category: Middle Class. Its family/class column reads “837”. “Middle Class” refers to a historical legal status. Source reference | |
| 1835 | Residents from other towns and foreigners Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 210 entries. FHL microfilm 2,361,072, 2,361,073. Inventory category: Native from other towns, and foreigners. Its family/class column reads “210”. Source reference | |
| 1835-36 | Additional household revisions Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 188 entries. FHL microfilm 2,377,248. Inventory category: Additional Revisions. Its family/class column reads “45”. Source reference | |
| 1835–1836 | Additional revision-list archive reference Census & RevisionResearcher-supplied archive reference; confirm the full call number before ordering. | Khotyn city/district | Archive reference to verifyDetails and sourceJ-Roots researcher inventory, file 781. Ask for the full archive, fond, and inventory reference before ordering. Source reference | |
| 1845–1932 approx. | Jewish birth, marriage, and death registers VitalArchive and FamilySearch catalogue references for surviving registers. | Khotyn town; coverage varies by volume | Catalogue / finding aidDetails and sourceState Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast; FamilySearch catalog, including material under fond 1245. Check the catalogue for the dates and archival references of individual volumes. Source reference | |
| 1848 | Households: townspeople Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 9,368 entries. FHL microfilm 2,361,562. Inventory category: Middle Class. Its family/class column reads “999”. “Middle Class” refers to a historical legal status. Source reference | |
| 1848 | Merchant households Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 581 entries. FHL microfilm 2,361,562. Inventory category: Merchants. Its family/class column reads “52”. Source reference | |
| 1850-51 | Residents returning from abroad Census & RevisionRegistration of people returning from outside the country. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 150 entries. FHL microfilm 2,361,561. Inventory category: Return from abroad. Its family/class column reads “27”. Source reference | |
| 1850s–1870s | Archive survey and document examples Archive & Finding AidMiriam Weiner’s survey identifies archives and illustrates records from Khotyn district and Bessarabia. | Khotyn district and Bessarabia | Catalogue / finding aidDetails and sourceMiriam Weiner Archive Database / Routes to Roots survey material. Source reference | |
| 1851-53 | Additional household revisions Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 45 entries. FHL microfilm 2,377,248. Inventory category: Additional Revisions. Its family/class column reads “12”. Source reference | |
| 1854 | Households: townspeople Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 8,885 entries. FHL microfilm 2,377,249. Inventory category: Middle Class. Its family/class column reads “867”. “Middle Class” refers to a historical legal status. Source reference | |
| 1856 | Merchants reclassified as townspeople Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 168 entries. FHL microfilm 2,373,293. Inventory category: Merchants relisted to Middle Class. Its family/class column reads “16”. “Middle Class” refers to a historical legal status. Source reference | |
| 1857 | Jewish teachers and pupils School & CommunityTeachers and pupils in traditional Jewish schools. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceTwo half-year lists: 237 entries in 14 classes and 297 in 19 classes; 534 entries overall. FHL microfilm 2382897. A pupil may occur in both lists. Uploaded July 2021. Source reference | |
| 1859 | Households: townspeople Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 8,396 entries. FHL microfilm 2,375,782. Inventory category: Middle Class. Its family/class column reads “868”. “Middle Class” refers to a historical legal status. Source reference | |
| 1859 | Merchant households Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 1,516 entries. FHL microfilm 2,375,782. Inventory category: Merchants. Its family/class column reads “126”. Source reference | |
| 1859 | Revision-list archive reference Census & RevisionResearcher-supplied archive reference; confirm the full call number before ordering. | Khotyn city | Archive reference to verifyDetails and sourceJ-Roots researcher inventory, file 551. Ask for the full archive, fond, and inventory reference before ordering. Source reference | |
| 1860-1869 | Additional household revisions Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 74 entries. FHL microfilm 2,373,293. Inventory category: Additional Revisions. Its family/class column reads “23”. Source reference | |
| 1862–1914 | People in public and communal life Directory & PropertyNamed officials, professionals, religious personnel, and institutional members. | Bessarabia, including Khotyn | Name index; digitized editionsDetails and sourceA selective index from annual reference calendars. The guide explicitly identifies Khotyn’s crown rabbi on page 51 of the 1887 calendar. Coverage varies by year. Source reference | |
| 1865 | Merchant households Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 962 entries. FHL microfilm 2,377,544. Inventory category: Merchants. Its family/class column reads “94”. Source reference | |
| 1865, 1888 | Second-guild merchants and petitions Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 230 entries. FHL microfilm 2,377,544. Inventory category: Merchants of 2nd Gild, Petition. Its family/class column reads “218”. Source reference | |
| 1870-1879 | Merchant name list Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 15 entries. FHL microfilm 2,377,532. Inventory category: Merchants, Name List. Its family/class column reads “11”. Source reference | |
| 1874 | Alphabetical list of men: townspeople, merchants, and colonists Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn district: multiple towns | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 10,295 entries. FHL microfilm 2,382,387. Inventory category: Middle Class, Merchants, Colonists. Alpha Men List. Its family/class column reads “3,709”. “Middle Class” refers to a historical legal status. Source reference | |
| 1874 | Households: townspeople Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 2913 entries. FHL microfilm 2,382,387. Inventory category: Middle Class. Its family/class column reads “1000”. “Middle Class” refers to a historical legal status. Source reference | |
| 1874 | Merchant households Census & RevisionHousehold and registration information; fields vary by list. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s current inventory lists 330 entries. FHL microfilm 2,377,544. Inventory category: Merchants. Its family/class column reads “46”. Source reference | |
| 1874 | Revision-list document examples Census & RevisionExamples from the Miriam Weiner archival collection, with names available in the SIG index. | Khotyn district | Catalogue / finding aidDetails and sourceMiriam Weiner Archive Database materials. Source reference | |
| 1897 | First General Census of the Russian Empire — Khotyn statistics Census & RevisionPublished population totals by locality. This entry concerns statistical tables, not an individual-name index. | Khotyn town and district | Published statisticsDetails and sourceRussian Imperial census publication. Source reference | |
| 1906–1907 | Duma voter and electoral lists Directory & PropertyEligible voters, names, patronymics, residence, and voting qualifications. | Khotyn town; district entries also searchable | Name indexDetails and sourceJewishGen’s guide lists 4,529 town entries for 1906 and 3,778 for 1907. The index includes Jewish and non-Jewish voters and may include the same person in both years. Source reference | |
| 1909–1914 | Bessarabian address calendars Directory & PropertyOfficials, institutions, occupations, and addresses in the published annual volumes. | Khotyn city and uyezd | Digitized editionsDetails and sourceAdres-kalendar’ Bessarabskoi gubernii. These complete editions remain separate from the selective JewishGen public-life index, whose years and selection criteria differ. Source reference | |
| 1911–1944 | Khotyn lycée/school files — Fond 844 School & CommunityMay contain student, staff, administrative, and school records. Consult current archive inventory for item-level descriptions. | Khotyn educational institutions | Archive reference to verifyDetails and sourceState Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast. Consult the repository guide and confirm the fond number, dates, and relevant files with the archive. Source reference | |
| 1918–1944 | Khotyn City Hall — Fond 651 Directory & PropertyMunicipal administration may include property, residence, permits, taxation, correspondence, and civil matters; item-level inventory consultation required. | Khotyn municipality | Archive reference to verifyDetails and sourceState Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast. Consult the repository guide and confirm the fond number, dates, and relevant files with the archive. Source reference | |
| 1919–1938 | Agrarian reform — Fond 856 Directory & PropertyMay contain land/property and administrative records connected with Romanian agrarian reform. | Khotyn County | Archive reference to verifyDetails and sourceState Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast. Consult the repository guide and confirm the fond number, dates, and relevant files with the archive. Source reference | |
| 1919–1944 | Khotyn County Police — Fond 858 Holocaust & WartimePolice, surveillance, public-order, citizenship, organizational, and wartime material may occur; consult inventory. | Khotyn County | Archive reference to verifyDetails and sourceState Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast. Consult the repository guide and confirm the fond number, dates, and relevant files with the archive. Source reference | |
| 1920–1940 | Jewish community institutional file School & CommunityCommunity administration and institutions. | Jewish Community of Khotyn | Archive reference to verifyDetails and sourceCenter for the Study of the History of the Jews in Romania (CSIER). “Activitate. Instituții.” [Activities. Institutions.] The holding institution should confirm file details and access. Source reference | |
| 1924–1925 | Socec business and professional directory Directory & PropertyBusinesses, professions, and institutions in the published directory. | Khotyn town and wider district | Name index; digitized publicationDetails and sourceJewishGen’s guide identifies the source as Anuarul “Socec” al României-Mari, 1924–1925. It lists 827 town entries and 2,497 district entries; the SIG’s downloadable district listing reports 2,498. Index selection was based on apparently Jewish names; the original directory has broader coverage. Source reference | |
| 1928 | Khotyn notarial records — Fond 878 Directory & PropertyMay contain contracts, property transfers, powers of attorney, inheritance, and other notarial acts. | Khotyn | Archive reference to verifyDetails and sourceState Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast. Consult the repository guide and confirm the fond number, dates, and relevant files with the archive. Source reference | |
| 1930 | Births VitalBirth registrations indexed by JewishGen. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and source97 indexed records, marked completed and uploaded in December 2025. Consult individual search results for original-record references. Source reference | |
| 1930 | Deaths VitalDeath registrations indexed by JewishGen. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and source93 indexed records, marked completed and uploaded in December 2025. Consult individual search results for original-record references. Source reference | |
| 29 Dec. 1930 | Romanian General Census — Khotyn Census & RevisionPublished town and county population tables; useful for demographic context. | Khotyn town / Khotyn County | Published statisticsDetails and sourceRomanian Central Statistical Institute. Source reference | |
| 1931 | Births VitalBirth registrations indexed by JewishGen. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and source40 indexed records, marked completed and uploaded in December 2025. Consult individual search results for original-record references. Source reference | |
| 1931 | Deaths VitalDeath registrations indexed by JewishGen. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and source89 indexed records, marked completed and uploaded in December 2025. Consult individual search results for original-record references. Source reference | |
| 1932 | Deaths VitalDeath registrations indexed by JewishGen. | Khotyn town | Name indexDetails and source81 indexed records, marked completed and uploaded in December 2025. Consult individual search results for original-record references. Source reference | |
| 1932–1935; 1941–1944 | Khotyn prison — Fond 857 Holocaust & WartimeMay contain inmate and administrative records; consult inventory for Jewish- or family-specific relevance. | Khotyn | Archive reference to verifyDetails and sourceState Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast. Consult the repository guide and confirm the fond number, dates, and relevant files with the archive. Source reference | |
| 1934–1935; 1946–1947 | Chotiner Hospital Moshev Zkenim Relief School & CommunityA New York society supporting Khotyn’s hospital and care for older people. | New York organization supporting Khotyn institutions | Collection description; names extractedDetails and sourceYIVO, Record Group 1120, Box 3; JewishGen collection description. The SIG description reports approximately 310 extracted names. Follow the collection link for access details. Source reference | |
| 1939 | “Chotin, Bessarabia, 1939” JDC file School & CommunityDirectly named Chotin file within regional relief records; related welfare, medical, and child-aid material may identify people or institutions. | Khotyn | Catalogue / finding aidDetails and sourceAmerican Jewish Joint Distribution Committee Archives, New York Office 1933–1944 finding aid. Source reference | |
| 1940–1944 | Selected Chernivtsi Oblast / Romanian wartime archival records Holocaust & WartimePolice, occupation, persecution, property, deportation, and administrative records; search both locality and administrative unit. | Chernivtsi Oblast, including Khotyn-related administrative material | Catalogue / finding aidDetails and sourceUnited States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) ; originating Ukrainian archives; European Holocaust Research Infrastructure (EHRI) collection description. Source reference | |
| 1941–1944 | Shoah victim names, Pages of Testimony, and testimony collections Holocaust & WartimeSearch spelling variants and Transnistria destinations. Pages of Testimony are family-submitted evidence and should be compared with other sources. | Khotyn/Khotyn and places of deportation | Name indexDetails and sourceYad Vashem. Source reference | |
| 1941–1948 | Relief, remittance, survivor, and postwar aid lists Holocaust & WartimeNames may appear under destination or aid program rather than Khotyn; useful for tracing dispersed survivors and relatives. | Romania/Bessarabia/Transnistria and diaspora | Name indexDetails and sourceJDC Archives Names Index. Source reference | |
| 1952–1953 | Registered Jewish congregation in Khotyn School & CommunityReports documenting a registered Jewish religious community. | Khotyn, Ukrainian SSR | Digitized materialDetails and sourceTsDAVO Ukraine, fond 4648; Soviet Council for Religious Cults; J-Doc item 990 and related reports. Source reference | |
| Current | Routes to Roots archive database Archive & Finding AidSearch Khotin/Hotin/Khotyn and neighboring localities to identify record types and repository references. | Former Russian/Romanian territories | Catalogue / finding aidDetails and sourceRoutes to Roots Foundation. Source reference | |
| Current | State Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast repository guide Archive & Finding AidUse for modern archive identity, links, and broader fonds navigation. | Chernivtsi Oblast holdings | Repository guideDetails and sourceHarvard HURI Fontes / State Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast. Source reference |
What the availability labels mean
A name index lets you search transcribed entries. A digitized publication or record provides page images or a transcription. A catalogue or finding aid describes holdings. An archive reference to verify requires confirmation from the holding institution. Published statistics describe populations rather than named households.
Counts describe indexed entries, not unique people or every surviving record. The same person can appear in several years or lists. The collection notes distinguish town, community, and district coverage.
Sources for the Khotyn records table
- Dmitriev, P. G., and P. V. Sovetov, eds., Moldova în epoca feudalismului [Moldavia in the feudal era], vol. VII, pts. I–II: Recensămintele populației Moldovei din anii 1772–1773 și 1774 [Censuses of the population of Moldavia in 1772–1773 and 1774] (Chișinău: Știința, 1975), Hotin Jewish fiscal/household list; Genealogica digital edition. Read source
- JewishGen Bessarabia Research Division. “Revision Lists — Bessarabia.” Database guide. Collection description.
- JewishGen. Romania–Moldova Database, including Bessarabia Vital Records, Revision Lists, voter lists, directories, and related datasets. View database
- FamilySearch. Catalog entry for Jewish metrical books associated with Khotin/Khotyn and Chernivtsi State Archive holdings, including material cataloged under fond 1245. View archive catalogue
- Miriam Weiner Routes to Roots Foundation / JewishGen Bessarabia. “Introduction to Miriam Weiner Archive Database,” with Bessarabia archival examples and Khotin-region documents. Read source
- J-Roots. Khotin/Hotin archival-research forum thread, including researcher-supplied archival file references for Khotin revision lists and other record groups. The thread includes researcher-supplied archival file references that can be compared with the holding archive’s catalog. Read source
- Bessarabian address-calendar editors. Адрес-календарь Бессарабской губернии (Adres-kalendar’ Bessarabskoi gubernii) [Address calendar of Bessarabia Governorate], editions 1909, 1910 (and supplement), 1911, 1912, 1913, and 1914; Hotin city and district entries. National Library of Russia catalogue
- Socec & Co. Anuarul “Socec” al României-Mari [Socec Yearbook of Greater Romania]. 2 vols. Bucharest: Socec & Co., 1924–1925. Library of Congress digitized publication. Selective name index: JewishGen, “Bessarabia Business Directory of 1924,” project manager Harvey Kabaker. Index guide; SIG district listings.
- Romanian Central Statistical Institute. Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930 [General census of the population of Romania of 29 December 1930], Hotin town and county tables. Read source
- Center for the Study of the History of the Jews in Romania (CSIER). Hotin Jewish Community file, 1920–1940, “Activitate. Instituții.” Read source
- American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee Archives. New York Office, 1933–1944, Countries and Regions: Latvia–Yugoslavia finding aid; entry “Chotin, Bessarabia, 1939,” with related Romania relief, medical, yeshiva, and welfare files. View archive catalogue
- United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Selected archival records relating to Chernivtsi Oblast and wartime Jewish persecution; collection search and catalog. View archive catalogue
- European Holocaust Research Infrastructure. Description of USHMM-selected Chernivtsi archival records and related collection units. View archive catalogue
- Yad Vashem. Central Database of Shoah Victims’ Names and document/testimony collections; search Khotin/Hotin/Khotyn and variants. Read source
- JDC Archives. Names Index and remittance-list collections, including Romania and Bessarabia-related materials. View archive catalogue
- Soviet Council for Religious Cults. Ukrainian SSR reports on registered synagogues and religious communities, 1952–1953. Central State Archives of Supreme Bodies of Power and Government of Ukraine (TsDAVO), fond 4648; digitized by J-Doc, item 990 and related Chernivtsi Oblast reports. Read source
- JewishGen Bessarabia Research Division. “Khotin Jewish Cemetery” project. Photographed and indexed July 2010; 2,693 burial records and 2,693 photographs uploaded to JOWBR. Read source
- Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute, Fontes. State Archive of Chernivtsi Oblast digital-archive description and link to the archive. Read source
- Routes to Roots Foundation. Archive database and inventories for towns in the former Russian Empire, Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine; search Hotin/Khotin/Khotyn. Read source
- JewishGen Ukraine Research Division. Ukraine archive and holdings guide. Read source
- JewishGen Bessarabia Research Division. “Chotiner Hospital Moshev Zkenim Relief.” Records at YIVO, Record Group 1120, Box 3; 1934–1935 and 1946–1947. Collection description.
- JewishGen Bessarabia Research Division. “Inventory of Revision Lists.” Current inventory, accessed September 25, 2026. Inventory with record counts and microfilm references. Counts are reproduced by set; the inventory and older upload reports occasionally differ.
- Kogan, Yefim, project leader. “Bessarabia Revision Lists.” July 2021 upload report, 1. Khotyn teachers and pupils, 1857; FHL microfilm 2382897. Upload report.
- Kogan, Yefim, project leader. “Bessarabia Revision Lists.” June 11, 2026, 1–2. Regional 1825 list, including three Khotyn entries; FHL microfilm 2378244. Upload report.
- Alexeeva, Emilia, project leader. “Bessarabia Vital Records.” December 25, 2025, 1. Khotyn births, 1930–1931, and deaths, 1930–1932; completed and uploaded December 2025. Upload report.
- JewishGen. “Bessarabia Duma Voters List Database.” Indexed lists for the second and third Dumas, 1906–1907. Project coordinator Terry Lasky. Accessed September 25, 2026. Guide, coverage, and counts.
- JewishGen. “Jews in Public Life in Bessarabia.” Compiled by Yuriy Daylis from annual reference calendars, 1862–1914. Database guide and digitized volumes. Khotyn is explicitly identified in the 1887 calendar, p. 51.
- Russian Empire. Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской империи 1897 г. (Pervaia vseobshchaia perepis’ naseleniia Rossiiskoi imperii 1897 g.) [First General Census of the Russian Empire, 1897]. Bessarabia town and district tables. Bibliography entry.
See the Sources & Bibliography for publication details, original-language titles, and image credits.
