also known as: Darva (HU), Kolodné (CZ), Kolodne (RU)
48°10' N / 23°36' E
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Kolodne
was part of the Kingdom of Hungary (11th century - 1920 and 1938-1944) with the name of Darva
in Máramaros megye (county), next part of Czechoslovakia (1920-1938) with the name of Kolodné
in Podkarpatská Rus (Sub-Carpathia), then part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1945-1991) with the name of Kolodne and, since 1991, known as Kolodne,
in the Tyachivsky (Tyachivs'kyy) rayon (district) of Zakarpats'ka oblast (county) of Ukraine.
Other spellings/names for Kolodne are Kolodnoye and Holodnoje.
Kolodne is located about ten miles north of Tyachiv (Técsö), fourteen miles east of Khust (Huszt).
Jews probably settled in Kolodne in the mid-19th century.
The first Jew to settle in Kolodne was Duvid RUTNER who was chasid of the great Rabbi Mendel, from Rimanov, Galicia. Duvid RUTNER owned land and livestock. His son was Avorhom Leib RUTNER from Kolodne, father of Shmuel Moshe RUTNER, who eventually settled in Borsa.
By 1880, the Jewish population was 145.
In 1921, during the Czechoslovak period, the Jewish population continued to grow.
Among the Jewish breadwinners were families that earned their livelihoods from commerce and farming.
With the Hungarian occupation of Kolodne in March, 1939, Jews were persecuted and pushed out of their occupations. In 1941, Jews from Kolodne were drafted into forced labor battalions and others were drafted for service on the Eastern front, where most died.
In August, 1941, a number of Jewish families without Hungarian citizenship were expelled to Nazi occupied Ukrainian territory, to Kamenets-Podolski, and murdered there.
The remaining Jews of Kolodne were deported to Auschwitz mid-May 1944.
A great many of the Jews from Kolodne were murdered in Auschwitz and a few survivors returned, but eventually settled elsewhere.
In 2001, Kolodne had about 2,119 inhabitants and no Jews live there today.
Sources (portions): JewishGen communities database Ari TESSLER, Belgium
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