Holocaust

Magyarkomjat is memorialized in the Valley of the Communities at Yad Vashem. (If a community had at least 100 Jewish residents prior to WWII, it was included in the memorial.  Magyar Komjat had 413.)

Map showing 10 Gendarmerie districts (Komjat is in 8th) On March 16, 1944, the Germans occupied Hungary. The Gendarmerie, the Hungarian Police Force of 3,000-5,000 policemen, divided into 10 districts, was responsible for carrying out anti-Jewish policies.   The Gendarmerie rounded up the Jewish residents, district by district, confiscated their property, collected their valuables, and often tortured them to reveal the hiding places. On April 16th 1944 the Gendarmerie entered Komjat, which was in the VIII district (see map below), confiscated valuables (see documents below) and gathered the Jews in the synagogue where they remained for a day. The Gendarmerie then transferred them to ghettos of either Nagyszollus or Muncats. In Northeast Hungary the people were subjected to the harshest circumstances. They were given a single square meter of living space.  The deadline for moving into the ghettos in Carpatho-Ruthenia was often just a few minutes. By May 15th, the first transports from Carpatho-Ruthenia left for AushwitzII-Birkeneau. By July 9th 437,000 Jews were deported and no Jews were left in all of the provinces.

Up until the summer of 1938 my life was good. At this time I was 13 years of age. I was born Nov. 1st, 1924. We were an orthodox family. I attended cheder, Hebrew school and Czech school. The Czech teacher was pleading with my father the summer before, to let him make arrangements for me to go to the higher Czech school, since I was a good student. Also,the head cantor from Bratislava-Pressberg wanted me to be his helper in the main synagogue and was promising that I’ll get the finest education. But, in 1938 and on, my world fell apart, with the Czech school closing, the teachers leaving, the uncles called to the army, the sickovikes going around shooting, picking up people during the night, never to be seen again.
 
In March, 1939, Komjat was occupied by the Hungarians. I was in the yard when three Hungarians in civil clothes with long rifles came through our yard. One asked me something in Hungarian, I couldn’t answer, he cocked his rifle to shoot me. The other lifted up his rifle and told him that I was a child. They continued with the foot-path on our property over the hill.
 
From this time on, everything went down hill, all the way to the dirty gutter. We stopped being the nice children of Martin Smilovic. We became Jews and dirty Jews with pushing and shoving and throwing stones at us. My father had a beard, for him was dangerous to be in the streets especially out of town. My two oldest brothers were in Yeshiva for higher education. Now the Hungarians were calling in the people to the army. One of my uncles came to ask my father for a boy to help in the business, he too was taken to the army. I was the oldest home at the time. After Pesach I went about 30 km to my uncle. A week later he left for the army. I had to stretch on my toes to see over he counter. I had to get up at 5am and go to sleep around 12 midnight. I worked in the store, around the house, there were three warehouses, and I took care of 3 children, 2 disabled, who never had enough to eat.
 
The Hungarians were taking away the Jewish stores and properties. My uncle’s business was given to a loyal Hungarian.Jewish life was becoming harder and harder. Ration cards were needed for everything. Jews got only flour a minimum per person, and it was mixed with barley and what else? The bread from it was hard cracker and was falling apart. The was no work to be found to earn some money to help my family. One gentile with small butter factory was willing to sell me some butter for a very high price. I took it to the city of Beregszasz to sell among the Jews that were able to buy some. Even though everybody needed it they couldn’t pay for it. After a few trips, I was caught and put to jail. With the help of the Jewish community in this city, the police chief let me out after four days. My older brother came home from Slovakia, made up to sell sugar to the Jews for a gentile merchant. They locked him up for two years. It was all pre-arranged with the police. Anybody had the right to stop and inspect the Jew and to take away what he had on him, and send the Gendarmerie to the house to look for more. On another occasion, the Railroad chief wanted to see what I had in the little valise. I couldn’t afford to loose the few pounds of butter. I ran away and he came after me. I thought I could hide till the train passed. He noticed and I felt the bullet by my left ear. He chased me and kept shooting for over 15 km. He alerted the Gendarmes. They went to my house looking for my father or me. He was hiding. They beat my mother with the rifle butt. The gentiles were watching. I went back to the store to work for the gentile that now owned it, to earn something to help my family. I came home (to Komjat) for Pesach 1944.
 
Sunday, the first day after Pesach, we were ordered to the shul, synagoge yard with just a small package.
 
It is impossible to describe in any shape or form the humiliation, frustration, helplesness and anger of that Sunday morning.
 
(see Komjat to Aushwitz as recalled by Herman Smilow)

April 16, 1944 - The round-up in Komjat synagogue courtyard
 
It is the day after Passover and we are all ordered to bring one small suitcase or packet with us to the shul, the synagogue yard.
 
I see a bunch of small children this Sunday morning, April 16th, 1944, the day after Passover, hungry because the Gentile population was hiding from us, They were townspeople that my parents helped through the business all their lives. They would not open their doors to sell us a little flour to bake or cook something to eat, or a little milk as we used to buy it every morning before, looking up to the grown-ups for some food. Seeing something very strange going on, as the parents are running from neighbor to neighbor, that every Friday night, Sabbath morning and holidays, and only yesterday as we were singing Zmiroth (the melodies for these day) they were standing outside listening and singing with us that they learned over the years, would not even open the doors for them, coming back empty-handed with tears in their eyes. Only yesterday these people were lifting their hats and literally bowing to them. Finally one neighbor opened just enough to squeeze through a little flour after Father was pounding on the door, questioning his courage, Father told him that he heard the rumor that we must leave he should go now or in the evening and take whatever he wants from the house or the stall-stable. I see the children crying for food, there is no more time to prepare or cook something from this flour, going to the gathering place to the big synagogue yard. Now I see all the children from the 70 families, all sizes, many sucking their mother’s breasts and none of them had a bite to eat yet. I see the smart and courageous people including myself, helpless asking one another where to get a bite of food, a little milk at least, a little drinking water for he children. I see the people looking at each other staring at the Oren-Kodesh asking Ribono shell olam- What is Happening Here?, what is going on? Where are they taking us. I ventured to the street. I see the Catholic priest stretched out as tall as he could, spread legs, hands on the hips, qvelling in happiness, all the Jew’s behind him in the courtyard. It is a hot spring day, the first day after Pesach, all the Jewish homes were empty from all the products used during the year. The Christians were instructed by the church not to have any contact with the Jews to stay behind their doors. Even the Church was canceled this Sunday. It is late in the afternoon. Everybody is hungry, thirsty, tired. Children crying, some sleeping from exhaustion. There were no stores or ready food or bakery in our town and besides it was Sunday. The Jews ate only what they cooked and baked themselves. I see peace-loving people, men scared, angry and frustrated, ready to fight, even kill if they only knew who and why?
 
March or travel by wagon to Irshava
 
I see just before sunset, a few wagons for the ones that are sick, old and cannot go on foot and march to the nearby city of Irshava 10 miles away. I see these children in the dark of the night, motionless, hanging from the hands and shoulders of their parents and older brothers and sisters, being pushed into dark empty rooms with no food, furniture and water, where the local Jews were taken away from. I see, for the rest of the week, day and night, more and more of the same, Jewish families from the region squeezed into these houses, without any food or other accommodations. I see the bodies of these children and people becoming thinner by the hour. Constant threats by the Gendarmes, the Hungarian police, black hats with feathers, whoever leaves the section will be shot on site.
 
Moved on foot, and by wagons for the weak, to Brick Factory & Ghetto in Munkacs
 
I see the next Sunday, the repetition of the last one. Wagons for the ones that absolutely cannot walk, they should be home in bed. The older children and parents carrying and schlepping the little ones and supporting the weak ones, when we ourselves don’t have any strength left, marching to Munkacs, about 25 miles away. Not a single Christian to be seen in the streets or fields, just Jews and the henchmen. In case of a run-away or looking for food or water, to easy be shot. I see during this hot day drive, a lot of beating with rifle butts, kicking, shoving the weak ones, the one that fell to the ground and need help to get up and the ones for helping. Not a minutes rest was given on this long march. For some, chunks of hair pulled out of their beards. I see that late afternoon, when we reached the end of the field next to the rail tracks, tall wire fences, an opening to go in, and inside a sea of people. They told us to stop to clear the street; everybody slumped into the ravine, motionless. Crying, praying, tending their wounds. Asking questions that no one has answers to. For the first time I see SS soldiers with dogs, big German Sheppard’s, guns, whistles, kanchuks, gorbaches and long leather whips. From inside we hear voices; this is Shojovities Teglagyar- brick factory in Munkacs. They want to know what area we come from, whether we know what is happening, if we have some food to give them. They are not getting anything. I go back to where my family is, I see my father with the scissors in his hands, showing the people that he is shearing his beard, that they should do the same, they shouldn’t have what to pull-on. A few minutes later, I see that we children are looking for our fathers and cannot find them. Yes they are here but we don’t recognize them. Toward evening, they finally took us into the ghetto. I see now this huge crowd, shoved into two hangars – barns where the bricks were stored. Walls out of boards bent in all directions, big openings between them, on 3 sides. Front entrance for trucks or wagons to go into, or loading into railroad cars that were just in front of it. Plain earthen floor, cold and hard. I see no light, no water no toilet. I can’t go to the fence to urinate, the Gendarmes are facing us with ready to shoot rifles. We have to go toward the end of the barns to the other end to urinate and others, to make sure we are not caught by the S.S. We don’t know where to go, where the other end its?
 
I hear my father (rest his soul) say,” If I had any idea what this is like, what this means, we would have never come this far.” It is pitch dark, no one sees each other, children crying, parents trying to collect them together, to calm them, to sit them together, to take them outside to relieve themselves, stepping and falling, one over other and more crying and screaming. Finally I see daylight. We are trying to get up, but keep falling down like drunkards. To be able to move, all had to get up. We are looking for some water to wash hands, freshen up faces wash off yesterday’s sweat and tears, but there is no water. We are looking for some organization, if someone spoke to a chief- head of our new keepers, if they are providing something at least, some food for the children. I hear, someone said, someone heard saying, today, Monday, the Houpt – head or chief will come. I hear they will bring in shovels to dig an out- house, latrine. This was dug on the only empty spot in the front where the people had a chance to mingle and see if some provisions are coming in. The size was about 12 to 15 feel long a wood pole-rod, on 2 pieces of wood, on each end instead of a board with a hole in it. If the S.S. man didn’t see you use it, you were lucky. If he passed by, he pushed you into it. This was bad enough for the men and boys that absolutely had to use it. What about our mothers and sisters, religious, pious and modest. Even though there was no food, sooner or later you had to go no matter how little. I saw them twisting their legs, rubbing their crumbling bellies in pain. As a last resort, asking all men and boys to leave, taking a dish to the corner of the barn, women protecting each other with blankets or sheets from the daylight and each other. Is there a proper word in the thickest dictionary to describe the shame, degradation, demoralization, humiliation and decline in value, quality and pride, humbled, frightened and depressing??? If you take all the words together, they will not make up the frightening eyes, the sad motionless faces, the shaking speechless lips, the running tears down the mothers faces and the breaking, wrings of hands and broken hearts when a 4 or 5 year old baby, lying in her lap, without energy, practically without motion, cannot offer something to sustain life, not even a little water? (This water was not drinking water, just to make bricks). For the small babies, mothers trying to put their breasts in their little mouths, even though they were empty. Don’t forget Pesach in 1944 was not like Passover here in America today! It was only a potato cooked in different ways and a piece of matzo. The first day of Pesach, the children were already crying for a piece of bread. This is already 15, 16, 17 days later. This 69 year old witness, then 19 years old, saw this, understood it an without words could read it off the faces of parents, especially of the mothers faces. If you separate my eyes from my head, my tongue from my mouth, my heart from my body, the rest of me would still see, feel and remember it, and never forget. No dictionary, and neither can I describe in words, how all this depresses my mind, how it makes head, stomach and my whole body ache, how it makes my whole body tremble and shake, I feel it lifts me off my feet.
 
Now, back to the Munkacs ghetto. All the bitterness was only increasing, and the conditions worsening. When they throw in a few loaves of bread, it was torn up into small little pieces and given to the children that were at the gate, and was not enough to go around for all, and nothing for the rest of the ghetto. Words started to filter as they started to pick out the boys born in 1923, for labor camps, to the front lines of the war. That the rest of us able to work will be taken by train, together with the families, to a special work place. None of us knew where and when.
 
May 14th, 1st Transport from Munkacs to Auschwitz
 
Three weeks later, Sunday May 14, 1944, a freight train backed in, so long, you could not see the front. No platform, no steps to go up into the cars. Gendarmes, like flies, pushing, shoving, riffle butts flying, hitting wherever they landed, hollering, cursing, and using the dirtiest language possible to get us into the cars. The old, sick, women, children that could not literally pull themselves up to the floor of the train, were literally lifted and thrown in by all of us that could help. There was total chaos there. I see, without count, without consideration, just stuffing in as many as possible and get rid of them as soon as possible and lock the doors. There was a wooden bucket there for our needs. The only light we had was what came in through the little window with a heavy metal guard on it, not even a crack in the walls or the floor. We were literally pushing into one another to make a little room for the sick and pregnant mothers to sit on the floor. After a while they had to let others get off their feet for a while because there was no room to stand on 2 feet. The stench was so unbearable; we were using handkerchiefs and pressing four faces to the body’s standing next to us to be able to breathe. We were making a partition with shawls and coats to up on Tfilin and say the prayers. This trip from the Munkacs ghetto to Auschwitz-Birkenau took three days.
 
May 16th, 3rd Transport from Munkacs to Auschwtiz (arrived May 19th)
 
On Tuesday, May 16th, 1944, the third train transport that I, my immediate family, grandfather, 4 aunts with their children were on, left Munkacs ghetto, arrived 3 days later on Friday afternoon, May 19th, 1944 to Auschwitz Birkenau. For miles before, we smelled a different stench, a burning one, we couldn’t make out what it was. The closer we came, the stronger and worse the smell was. The train slows down more and more, finally stoops. Thanks God, we arrived to the promised place, (we do not know where we are? In our country, someplace in Czechoslovakia or Hungary?) Where will we be able to stretch out our legs, our mothers with their children, the old and the sick will be able to sit down, have something to eat and lay down for a nights rest. We men are ready to work, and hard, work, just to make some home for our families and friends. We hear loud noises, dogs barking, strange language, and very abrupt words. Finally we hear the door being unlocked and opened. What we see here, some of it we have seen before in the Munkacs ghetto. These officers are well fed, big and tall, so are the dogs. The uniform very neat, fit and shinning buttons, giving orders. I see by each door at least 2 guys, dressed in striped suit and funny round caps. Just jump or fall out. Any larger package or valise is taken away and/or to be left on the train. It will be delivered to us later. These officers in the uniforms speak a funny Yiddish nicht redden, einshtellen here- here, da-da. The guys in the striped clothes were not permitted to talk to us. The henchmen made sure they don’t by hitting them, even if they didn’t. They were making everything fast in a hurry we should not realize what is happening to us. Einstellen men to form lines, men here five to a row. Mothers, children, old and sick further, with the officers I the middle. Single women also separate. Now I see the women with the children, without the men and fathers helping them, trudging pulling each other, crying after the fathers and the rest of the family, straight ahead. We were hollering, telling them that we will see them soon, later. Little did I know that this is the last time I will ever see them. Yes I see them every day, a few times, trudging and pulling and crying bitterly for us. I have the feeling that they knew more than we did, that we will never see each other again. Us men they took through the gate of the tall wired fence, to a very big barrack-hanger, where we dropped all the luggage, dropped all our clothes, were disinfected, cut all our hair. By midnight we arrived to the bathhouse. Now we really didn’t recognize our fathers and neighbors. The big Polish “bulvans” that didn’t want to speak Yiddish, upon inquiring where they keep our women folk besides pushing and shoving us, told us that if we don’t stoop asking questions they will open the door on the other side of the shower room to meet our women family in the crematorium-ovens. Only now did we start understanding what this place is.
 
My weight on April 6th, 1944 was 84.5 kilo = 186 lbs. 35 days later, In Auschwitz on May 19, 1944 I was 60 kilo = 133 lbs.
 
(Note- There were 3,629 people on the 3rd Transport from Munkacs to Auschwitz on May 16th, 1944)

On April 16th, 1944, the last day of Passover, the head of each household in Velikiye Komyaty was required to give the police (Gendarmerie from the 8th District in Kassa, Hungary) their valuables and money as they were entering the ghettos. It was the duty of the Gendarmerie to confiscate property and they often used pressure and torture to accomplish their goal. There is one page for each family. It states- “This (property) will be under lock, kept safely”.  It is signed by the head of family and 2 witnesses.  The US Holocaust Memorial Museum has 7 reels of film containing these forms from the 8th Gendarmerie District, Kassa, Hungary.  Velikiye Komyaty was within the 8th District and appears in reel #2.

This is the page for Deutsch, Mor, and is an example of one of the a 71 pages for Velikiye Komyaty. Some forms were illegible and may be missing.

Translation of Hungarian Words on Form Magyarkomjat korjegysoseg  (List of Magyakomjat vicinity) Magyarkomjat kozseg.  (Magyakomjat community)                                                                                Jegyzek = List ………………Magyarkomjati_______hsz.  (house?) lakostol orizetbe vett ertektargyakrol es penzrol. (This will be under lock, kept safely) Ertektargyakrol = valuables Penzrol = money Sorszom= Number   Mennyiseg drb. Uzam, suly, urmeret= How many         As orizetbe Targy  leirasa = Description of vauables   Jegyzet= List Magyarkomjat, 1944. Aprilis …….. en.     Atado.= The one who gives      Jaror =  Police     Bizottsag = Witness Alulirottak igazoljuk, hogy a fent felsorolt targyakon kivul mas targyakat a csendor jaror es a bizottsag orizetbe vett, az orizetbe nem targyak menyisegenek es minosegenek leirasa helyes. The undersigned is saying that he did not take anything but what is on the list, into safekeeping. Magyar Orszagos Leveltar =  Hungarian

(Note- In 1927, 5.26 pengos equalled $1.00. By 1944 it was 33.41 pengos to a dollar. By the end of WWII, they had no value).

Deutsch, Mor – 497 (his address- street names were not used)

• 163.34 Pengos- cash

• 1 piece- Wrist watch

• 1 piece- Bankbook- Deutsch Mor, 750 Pengos

• 1 piece- Bankbook- Deutsch Irani, 1230 Pengos Magyarkomjat, 1944, April 16
  Signed- Deutsch Mor
  Police and Witness also signed, promising “that they did not take anything but what is on the list, into safekeeping.”
  
  The USHMM has 7 reels containing these forms - Records of the 8th Gendarmerie District, Kassa, Hungary. Velikiye Komyaty was within the 8th District and appears on reel #2.

Please contact Roberta Solit with corrections or comments on translations above

 

Deportation, Persecution and Survivor Lists - From the Extraordinary State Commission to Investigate German-Fascist Crimes Committed on Soviet Territory. (From Yad Vashem's List Database)

In November of 1942, after the Soviet army recaptured land occupied by Germany, “The Extraordinary State Commission to Investigate German-Fascist Crimes Committed on Soviet Territory” was formed by the Russian government. This was referred to as the ChGK. Information for their reports of people killed and property destroyed was gathered by teams who interviewed townspeople, eyewitnesses and survivors. These reports formed much of the evidence that was presented in the Nuremberg trials.

List of Deported Jews from Velike Komnaty 1940-1944

	# on List Surname Given Name House # Age/Yr of Birth Place of Birth Occupation Marital Status 1 Grinfeld Evgeniya   50 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 2 Grinfeldova Etela   37 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 3 Grinfeld Paraska   13 Vel. Komnaty child   4 Grinfeld Mikhaylo   11 Vel. Komnaty child   5 Grinfeld Sholomon   9 Vel. Komnaty child   6 Grinfeld Irina   6 Vel. Komnaty child   7 Grinfeld Samuel   3 Vel. Komnaty child   8 Grinfeldova Fani   55 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 9 Mouskopf Mouritz 525 1915 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 10 Mouskopf Samuel 525 1917 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 11 Mouskopf Khayem 525 1929 Vel. Komnaty child   12 Mouskopf Galena 525 1890 Kolodne housewife widow 13 Gotesman Gelena 482 1913 Silce housewife married 14 Gotesman Rozalia 482 1934 Vel. Komnaty child   15 Gotesman Etela 482 1936 Vel. Komnaty child   16 Gotesman Fani 482 1938 Vel. Komnaty child   17 Gotesman Zoltan 482 1942 Vel. Komnaty child   18 Yakubovich Mrs. Aron 486 1883 Vel. Komnaty housewife widow 19 Yakubovich Giza 486 1908 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 20 Shmilovichova Gelena 791 1911 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 21 Shmilovich Yosif 791 1905 Vel. Komnaty demokhazyian married 22 Kaufman Lipovt   1933 Sevliush demokhazyian married
	# on List Surname Given Name House # Age/Yr of Birth Place of Birth Occupation Marital Status 23 Kaufman Mendel   1933 Vel. Komnaty child   24 Kaufman Serena   1935 Vel. Komnaty child   25 Kaufman Ignat   1937 Vel. Komnaty child   26 Kaufman Izidor   1939 Vel. Komnaty child   27 Kaufman Estera   1941 Vel. Komnaty child   28 Noyfeld Maria 488 1861 Zavidovo housewife widow 29 Noyfeld Fani 488 1917 Vel. Komnaty housewife single 30 Lebovich Lipot 487 1885 Vel. Komnaty Ritual Slaughterer married 31 Noyfeld Rozalia 487 1883 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 32 Lebovich Samuel 487 1914 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 33 Lebovich Shari 487 1917 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 34 Lebovich Paraska 487 1919 Vel. Komnaty housewife single 35 Lebovich Ignat 487 1921 Vel. Komnaty domokhozyain single 36 Yakubovich Mouritz 485 1884 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist married 37 Yakubovich Papi 485 1885 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 38 Yakubovich German 486 1906 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist married 39 Yakubovich Yolana 486 1907 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 40 Yakubovich Roza 486 1933 Vel. Komnaty child   41 Yakubovich Vilgelm 486 1936 Vel. Komnaty child   42 Yakubovich Ella 486 1940 Vel. Komnaty child   43 Daych Mor 56 1892 Nagyatad, Hung salesperson married to Gelena 44 Daych Gelena 56 1895 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 45 Daych Nikolay 56 1919 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 46 Daych Magdalena 56 1928 Vel. Komnaty child   47 Daych Irena 56 1929 Vel. Komnaty child   48 Daych Yevgeni 56 1936 Vel. Komnaty child   49 Vaysman Mikhaylo 408 1886 Vel. Komnaty salesperson married 50 Klayn Tzili 408 1897 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 51 Vaysman Frida 408 1932 Vel. Komnaty child   52 Vaysman Adalbert 408 1936 Vel. Komnaty child
	# on List Surname Given Name House # Age/Yr of Birth Place of Birth Occupation Marital Status 53 Krayzman Zeylik 603 1888 Vel. Komnaty salesperson married 54 Krayzmanova Khoni 603 1900 Belki housewife married 55 Krayzman Herman 603 1925 Vel. Komnaty salesperson single 56 Krayzman Izrael 603 1927 Vel. Komnaty child   57 Krayzman Benyamin 603 1929 Vel. Komnaty child   58 Krayzman Abraham 603 1931 Vel. Komnaty child   59 Krayzman Irina 603 1933 Vel. Komnaty child   60 Krayzman Golda 603 1935 Vel. Komnaty child   61 Krayzman Solomon 603 1937 Vel. Komnaty child   62 Fridman Mor 603 1911 Rakovec salesperson married 63 Fridmanova Yolana 603 1920 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 64 Fridman Etela 603 1940 Vel. Komnaty child   65 Fridman Samson 603 1942 Vel. Komnaty child   66 Lebovich Ignat 501 1889 Vel. Komnaty cabinet maker married 67 Lebovichova Gelena 501 1897 Remete housewife married 68 Lebovich Marton 501 1922 Vel. Komnaty cook single 69 Lebovich Mor 501 1925 Vel. Komnaty cabinet maker single 70 Lebovich Rozalia 501 1930 Vel. Komnaty child   71 Lazarovich Ignat 321 1894 Belki agriculturist married
	# on List Surname Given Name House # Age/Yr of Birth Place of Birth Occupation Marital Status 72 Glantz Regina 321 1891 Iza housewife married 73 Glantz Simson 321 1925 Chust agricultural servant single 74 Glantz Marton 321 1927 Chust child   75 Glantz Rozalia 321 1929 Chust child   76 Glantz David 321 1931 Chust child   77 Glantz German 321 1935 Vel. Komnaty child   78 Lebovich Marton 400 1897 Vel. Komnaty shoemaker married 79 Lebovichova Germina 400 1896 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 80 Lebovich Etela 400 1921 Vel. Komnaty housewife single 81 Lebovich Evgen 400 1925 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 82 Lebovich Solomon 400 1928 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 83 Lebovich David 400 1923 Vel. Komnaty   single 84 Lebovich Mor 400 1936 Vel. Komnaty child   85 Zelmanovich Mor   1907 Vel. Komnaty cabinet maker married to Rozalia 86 Zelmanovich Rozalia   1913 Vel. Komnaty housewife married to Mor 87 Zelmanovich Ibolya   1939 Vel. Komnaty child    88 Grossman David 378 1900 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist married to Fani 89 Grossman Fani 378 1902 Vel. Komnaty housewife married to David 90 Grossman Mouritz 378 1923 Vel. Komnaty agricultural servant single 91 Grossman Evgen 378 1925 Vel. Komnaty agricultural servant single 92 Grossman Ignat 378 1929 Vel. Komnaty child   93 Grossman Vilgelm 378 1938 Vel. Komnaty child   94 Vaysman David 228 1866 Veliky Rakovec salesperson married 95 Vaysmanova Etela 228 1875 Ilnica housewife married to David 96 Vaysman Evgen 228 1915 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 97 Vaysman Bernat 228 1917 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 98 Krayzman Abragam 572 1888 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist married to Aranka
	# on List Surname Given Name House # Age/Yr of Birth Place of Birth Occupation Marital Status 99 Krayzmanova Aranka 572 1886 Vel. Komnaty salesperson married to Abragam 100 Krayzman Fani 232 1912 Onik housewife married 101 Krayzman Etela 232 1921 Vel. Komnaty housewife single 102 Krayzman Yolana 232 1929 Vel. Komnaty housewife single 103 Krayzman Marton 232 1937 Vel. Komnaty child   104 Krayzman Emma 232 1940 Vel. Komnaty child   105 Lebovichova Serina 211 1901 Vel. Komnaty housewife married 106 Lebovich Emma 211 1933 Vel. Komnaty child   107 Lebovich Beni 211 1935 Vel. Komnaty child   108 Lebovich Genrikh 211 1937 Vel. Komnaty child   109 Lebovich Samuel 211 1937 Vel. Komnaty child   110 Gotesman Simeon 482 1919 Vel. Komnaty salesperson married 111 Gotesmanova Mrs. 482 1925 Vel. Komnaty housewife married to Simeon 112   Fani 31 1907   housewife   113 Yakubovich Movzesh 31 1906 Vel. Komnaty innkeeper  married 114 Yakubovich Yevgenia 31 1930 Vel. Komnaty child   115 Yakubovich Piroshka 31 1932 Vel. Komnaty child   116 Yakubovich Tibor 31 1934 Vel. Komnaty child   117 Yakubovich Lipot 31 1939 Vel. Komnaty child   118 Forkosh Mozesh   1881 Belki   widower 119 Lazarovich Armin 681 1911 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist single 120 Lazarovich Margareta 681 1909 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist married 121 Lazarovich Abragam 681 1907 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist married 122 Lazarovich Shomu 681 1913 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist married 123 Lipovt Itzik 579 1910 Vlachova agriculturist married 124 Gelb Sholomon   1895 Vel. Komnaty salesperson married 125 Gelb Mrs.   1899 Kivjazd housewife married to Sholomon
	# on List Surname Given Name House # Age/Yr of Birth Place of Birth Occupation Marital Status 126 Gelb Irina 574 1924 Kivjazd housewife single 127 Gelb Arni 574 1923 Kivjazd salesperson single 128 Gelb Etela 562 1909 Kivjazd salesperson single 129 Gelb Ignat 562 1899 Kivjazd innkeeper single 130 Lebovich Izrael 577 1885 Vel. Komnaty agriculturist married 131 Lyber Tereza   1899 Ilnica agriculturist married 132 Lebovich Olena   1923 Vel. Komnaty housewife single 133 Lebovich Etela   1925 Vel. Komnaty housewife single 134 Lebovich Serina   1928 Vel. Komnaty child   135 Lebovich Zoltan   1930 Vel. Komnaty child   136 Lebovich Moritz   1932 Vel. Komnaty child   137 Kleinman Izidor 680 1911 Vel. Komnaty salesman married 138 Rozner Sharlota   1899 Vel. Komnaty salesperson married 139 Kleinman Tzili   1934 Vel. Komnaty child   140 Kleinman Piri   1940 Vel. Komnaty child   141 Rozner German   1862 Vel. Komnaty salesman married 142 Krayzman Moni   1860 Vel. Komnaty salesperson married 143 Rozner Blima   1910 Vel. Komnaty   married

 

 

List of Persecuted from Velike Komnaty 1940-1944

 

Surname Given Name Nationality Party Age or Birth Place of Birth Occupation Ages of Wife & Children Kuper Vasily Ukrainian none 1918 V. Komyat Teacher Single Korpcha Gora Ukrainian none 1895 V. Komyat ? 57,30,24,22,21,18,11 Chernitka Vasily Ukrainian none 1896 V. Komyat Worker 37,15,13,11,5,3 Kraizman Salomon Jewish none 1923 V. Komyat ? Single Glantz Yakov Jewish none 1923 Chust ? Single Leibovich Zalman Jewish none 1923 ? ? Single

 

 

 

List of Survivors from Velike Komnaty

 

# on list Surname Given Name Religion House # Date of Birth Place of Birth Occupation Ages of Wife & Childrens 1 Grinfeld Iosif Evrit   1910 Veli. Komyat Salesperson   2 Grinfeld Etela Evrit   1915 Veli. Komyat Housewife   3 Mauskop Menger? Evrit 525 1909 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   4 Mauskop Eva Evrit 525 1923 Veli. Komyat Housewife   5 Mauskop Elena Evrit 525 1925 Veli. Komyat Housewife   6 Mauskop Roza Evrit 525 1927 Veli. Komyat Housewife   7 Gottesman Moritz Evrit 482 1909 Veli. Komyat Worker 24 8 Burechovich Ida Evrit 482 1921 Veli. Komyat Housewife   9 Yakobuvich Ludvig Evrit 486 1913 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   10 Daich Lenka Evrit 56 1926 Veli. Komyat Housewife   11 Daich Ilona Evrit 56 1921 Veli. Komyat Housewife   12 Daich Samuel? Evrit 56 1923 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   13 Daich Alexander Evrit 56 1931 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   14 Vaisman Lipot Evrit 408 1919 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   15 Vaisman Samuel Evrit 408 1921 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   16 Vaisman Ludvig Evrit 408 1926 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   17 Vaisman Shari Evrit 408 1924 Veli. Komyat Housewife   18 Vaisman Elena Evrit 408 1928 Veli. Komyat Housewife

# on list Surname Given Name Religion House # Date of Birth Place of Birth Occupation Ages of Wife & Childrens 19 Lebovich Zoltan Evrit 400 1923 Veli. Komyat Worker   20 Kreisman Samuel Evrit 603 1923 Veli. Komyat     21 Kreisman Ignat Evrit 603 1922 Veli. Komyat   21 22 Kreismanova Iren Evrit 603 1924 Chust Housewife   23 Lebovich Herman Evrit 501 1921 Veli. Komyat     24 Lebovich Magda Evrit 501 1927 V. Rakove Housewife   25 Lebovich Adam Evrit 501 1928 Veli. Komyat Housewife   26 Glantz Yakov Evrit 321 1923 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   27 Akkerman Herman Evrit 200 1907 Veli. Komyat   30 28 Akkerman Shari Evrit 200 1915 Veli. Komyat Housewife   29 Grossman Yosef Evrit 200 1921 Veli. Komyat     30 Grossman Marton Evrit 378 1921 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   31 Grossman Yolana Evrit 378 1927 Veli. Komyat Housewife   32 Grossman Roza Evrit 228 1921 Veli. Komyat Housewife   33 Grossman Paraska Evrit 228 1921 Veli. Komyat Housewife   34 Kraizman Pavel Evrit 572 1921 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist   35 Kraizman Abraham Evrit 232 1898 Veli. Komyat Agriculturist 33,24,16,8,5 36 Lebovich Yosef Evrit 211 1906 Chust Agriculturist 44,12,10,8,8 37 Sander Fani Evrit 832 1921 Ilnitzia Housewife Single 38 Yolovich? Aron Evrit 832 1926 Komyat   Single

(Please contact Roberta Solit with any additions, corrections or comments.)

 

Komyat in the Nagyszollos Yizkor Book

Komyat is included in the Nagyszollos Yizkor Book. You can view the entire book at- Nagyszollos Yizkor Book

Jewishgen's Yizkor Book Translation Project has-A Memorial to the Jewish Community of Sevlus [Nagyszollos] District (Vinogradov, Ukraine)

Within the Yizkor Book is the "The List of the Martyrs of Sollos and Vicinity". The list contains the names of the victims, their father’s name (if known), their residence, place and year of death. Komjat is grouped with a few towns in the vicinity of  Nagszollos and is indicated by the #2 in the list. Some of the surnames in this group (#2) are Berger, Berkovitz, Blobstein, Freid, Freisler, Goldstein, Gottesman, Gross, Grossman, Hollander, Leiberman, Moskovitz, Newman, Reisman, Rosner, Shmilovitz, Singer, Stein, Teitelbaum, Weisman and Yacobovitz.

 

Pages in the Nagyszollos Yizkor Book with information about Komjat

Translations would be appreciated. Please contact Roberta Solit.

This appears on page 160 and is about Komjat

Translation of pg. 160 from A Memorial to the Jewish Community of Sevlus (Nagyszollos) District (Vinogradov, Ukraine)

Grois Komiyat

In 1696 there already was mention of a Jewish family in the village.  In the government list of 1728, the family of Mark Leibovitz and his sons Eliyahu, Leiba and Ya’akov are mentioned. In 1737, there is mention of the families of Ya’akovos Solomon and Hentshe, the widow of Baniyash.  More recently the village numbered 200 Jewish people. The village supported a synagogue, mikve (ritual bath) and shohet who was also instructor in what was allowed and forbidden.
Reb Shimon, who was called Reb Shimon from Komyat, was well known in the area for being righteous and God fearing.  He was a student of Reb Shmelka.  It was his custom on the first day of Slichot, to connect his wagon to his horses and come with his whole family to Sellish to pray Slichot with his rabbi Reb Shmelka.  He also continued this custom during Rabbi Pinchas Chayim’s term.  Other village people learned to do the same from him. Among the important people of the settlement were: Reb Shmelka Mermelstein, Reb Aharon Mermelstein and members of the Gelb family, Reb Moshe Blobshtein. His son Reb Levi Yitzhak resided in Jerusalem.

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Yad Vashem

Relatives and friends of Holocaust victims have submitted Pages of Testimony for each person they knew that perished in the Holocaust.

Names on these pages, along with names taken from many other lists comprise Yad Vashems' Shoah Victims Database.

These are two examples of Pages of Testimonies (POT's) of people from Komyat.

Avraham Grinfeld		Eva Berger Weiss

1

At Yad Vashem's website (www.yadvashem.org) you can search for a specific name, a surname or a location of birth or residence before, during or after the war.

At the website, click on Digital Collections, then click on Shoah Names Database

A search at Yad Vashem's Central Database of Shoah Victims for Komyat yields 549 names, and 694 names appear for Komjat.

• At the website, click on Digital Collections Yad Vashem's Shoah Victims from Komyat

• Pinkas HaNitzolim - This book was published in 1945 and contains the names of 61,697 Jewish survivors who were ressscued in various European countries.

The victims names appear on many separate lists that were joined and placed in a database available on JewishGen. Many of the original lists may be viewed at the US Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC.

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