Ellen
SHINDELMAN KOWITT (ESK)
Lyubar, Ukraine
49°55' N /27°45' E
205 km WSW of
Kyyiv, 47 miles WSW of Zhytomer,
37 miles W of Berdychiv, 17 miles SE of Polonnoye
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Lyubar
Voters in 1906 and
1907
by Deborah
Glassman, copyright
2018
Some
of this material first
appeared in Voters
Lists of
Ostropol
and Lyubar
1906,
1907, and
1912 by
Deborah
G. Glassman copyright
2018. The
lists published in
the Volhynian gazette (the
province-wide newspaper of
record for Volhynia
guberniya, mandated by the
Russian government) were for
the years 1906 and 1907
for residents
in a
group of communities
designated as volosts
(that is they all had
dependent
villages). The types of
communities that were volosts,
were either a mestcheko
(town with dependent
villages), or a grod
(city over a designated
size, also with dependent
villages).
The voters in the
lists I surveyed,
were designated under the
following headings:
Russians, Poles, Jews,
Germans. Other areas had
other
groups including Tatars, and
the The
first
elections were held March
1906 with the vote fully
counted in April. The
Duma was in session for less
than three months before it
was dissolved.
In 1907 it was
re-established twice. The
short-session had elections
in February 1907 and that
Duma was dissolved in
June 1907. The November 1907
elections put in place a
Duma that remained in
office for five years. It
was ended in June of 1912
and followed
with new elections in
Sept
1912.
So, March
1906, Feb 1907, Nov
1907, and Sept 1912,
were the dates that the Jews
were registered in their
communities. The
main
grod of Novogrod-Volinski
district was
Novogrod-Volinski city. The
only
mestchekos of the area
reported in the particular
pages used for the Voter
Lists that I compiled were:
Polonnoye,
Koretz, Gorodnitza,
Lyubar, Berezdov,
Romanov, Ostropol,
Baranovka, Miropol.
In the two 1907
lists, they were repeated in
the same order
in alphabetical
(Russian
alphabet) order so all of
the As from the grod of
Novogrod-Volinski and then
all of the surnames starting
with
A
from Polonnoye, Koretz, et
al.
Some
letters of the alphabet were
broken down further.
In 1906, they did the
names alphabetically
and the towns were all mixed
together in no particular
order. In 1907, they did
all of one town that started
with that letter who were
eligible by property,
then all of the next towns
with the same
qualifications. Then back to
the
first
town with those who
were eligible
by trade, repeat for the
other towns. Each category
of eligibility had a
separate run. 1907 had two
separate registrations and
most people who had been
registered in the first
group were not re-registered
in the second. 1912 did
not list the towns but
continued the listings in
the same order as
previously,
so you can see groups of
associated names from each
town. The list below does
not include 1912. The
presence of someone in one
year’s list or absence in
another might be because, The
numbers
in column one of the table
below are just to help you
keep a tally as
you go down the list. They
are not in the original
lists. 1907 does have
specific voter numbers, but
they are not included in
this table. Some of the
people are noted as 1 of 3
or similar annotations. For
example, when you look
at a listing like Meer Amer,
it says 1 of 3. There are
three listings
for
a
Meer Amer with three
different
fathers.
Nevertheless, two of
them might
still be for the same
person. Sometimes a father
is called by a nickname like
Alter or Zeidel and in the
next year’s registration
by his real name.
Sometimes a father is
called by the first of two
given names and sometimes by
the second. You can
determine all of that, by
looking at more records for
that individual, but I
don’t try to make that
decision here. There
were
566 listings for
individuals listed as
Lyubar voters in 1906 and
1907. I
have combined the names
that have the same given
name and matching patronym
for
the
years 1906 and 1907. Double
given
names are easy to separate
in some formats from a
patronym. That is not always
the case in these listings.
It is not easy to see if the
name is (no hyphens in
the original) Itsko-Meer
Shlemovich Antsis, or if it
is Itsko Meer-Shlemovich
Antsis. In cases like that,
you will see a question mark
in the column for “is
there a second given name?”
It means that I am unsure if
it is a second name
for the subject or a first
name for his father. Almost
all
of the individuals are
listed with their father’s
name. All of the 1906
listings always have a tax
status also. So the listing
will tell you whether
the person was taxed “for
trade hereditary” which
means that he or an ancestor
purchased a hereditary
taxable status of Guild
Merchant. Or it will tell
you
that he was taxed for
property, for an apartment,
or for trade. All of those
last three statuses were
commonly found when the
person had the tax status of
meshane (townsman). It is
just more specific and can
direct us to new records
of property ownership or
residential address. The
illustration
below is a great one to
illuminate this part. The
big headline
banner says “Spisok”
which just
means list.
The very first person
listed
under the blue arrow is
Nukhim Avrakhner of Lyubar.
He is listed with a
two-part given name and
patronym. This one was
hyphenated so it was easy to
tell that the second given
name belongs to him, not his
father. His surname is
spelled a little differently
in another year. Following
his name is the
abbreviation signifying “for
trade hereditary.” So we
know that he was
a
guild merchant.
Finally it says M.
Lyubar, which means mestcheko
(town)
of Lyubar. The next five
people below
him are all Jews from
different towns – Baranovka;
Novogrod-Volinski; Koretz;
et al. The red arrow was
originally the name I wanted
to show off for Ostropol,
but that particular person
was born in Lyubar and
became a resident and guild
merchant in Ostropol. That
is Zeidel Aingorn, who
operated a pharmacy in
Ostropol. His father was a
guild merchant with a
mill in Lyubar and his
mother and sisters
had other stores and
businesses in the mill
building in Lyubar. Which
means
that if you have some reason
to believe that your
Luberers went farther
afield,
say they lived in Sequence.
This
list is not in
strict alphabetical order.
The original lists were
conveying meaning by
grouping people. Many of the
voter lists reflected tax
lists which in turn put
people in the same sequence
in which they appeared in
Revision Lists. All of
that is impacted by the
publication of the Voters
List in the Volinski
Vedemosti of the lists by
the first letter of the
surname. So I will also be
happy
to share what I have learned
from the sequence in which
your party has
appeared, when you make a
purchase of the information
on a particular voter in
the list. Purchases.
It
is 14.00 USD per
voter for a full description
with full given names for
voter and their father,
including a search for tax
status, and if there are two
years listing for the
same person, one purchase
gets you
both
years. I will also indicate
to you if there is a likely
sibling in the list.
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