also known as: Csarnatő (HU), Černá (CZ), Chernaya (RU)
48°08' N / 23°11' E
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Cherna
was part of the Kingdom of Hungary (11th century - 1920 and 1938-1944) with the name of Csarnatő
in Ugocsa megye (county), next part of Czechoslovakia (1920-1938) with the name of Černá
in Podkarpatská Rus (Sub-Carpathia), then part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1945-1991) with the name of Chernaya
and, since 1991, known as Cherna, in the Vynohradivskiy rayon (district) of Zakarpats'ka oblast (county) of Ukraine.
Other spellings/names for Cherna are Chorna, Chyerna and Tscherna.
Cherna is located about 7 miles E of Vynohradiv (Nagyszőllős).
Jews probably settled in Cherna in the mid-19th century.
In 1880, the Jewish population was 39 (of a total population of 410).
By 1910, the Jewish population rose to 119.
In 1921, during the Czechoslovakian period, the Jewish population dropped to 117. A number of Jews were engaged in agriculture and commerce.
By 1930, the Jewish population rose to 124.
With the Hungarian occupation of Cherna in March, 1939, Jews were persecuted and pushed out of their occupations. In 1940-41, dozens of Jews from Cherna were drafted into forced labor battalions and others were drafted for service on the Eastern front, where most died.
By 1941, the Jewish population had increased to 128 and it was at this time, a few Jewish families without Hungarian citizenship were expelled to Nazi occupied Ukrainian territory, to Kamenets-Podolski, and murdered there.
The remaining Jews of Cherna were deported to Auschwitz late May, 1944.
A great many of the Jews from Cherna were murdered in Auschwitz and any survivors settled elsewhere.
In 2001, Cherna had about 2,226 inhabitants and no Jews live there today.
Sources (portions): Budapest, c. 1941 The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust, (2001) p. 247
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