1359

The earliest mention of Żółkiewka (then called Żółkiew) occurs in historical documents although the first written mention of Jews in Żółkiewka is in the 17th Century.

1702

The village Żółkiew receives town status and later on acquires the name Żółkiewka.

Austrian rule

1772 to 1795

The Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The partitions were carried out by the Russian Empire, Kingdom of Prussia, and Habsburg Austria dividing up the Commonwealth lands among themselves.
Żółkiewka is under Austrian rule.

1769

Twenty wooden tenement houses are built around the market square by Alexander Żółkiewski for the purpose of renting flats for craftsmen. This gives shape to the market and the central part of town. Most of these houses are purchased by Jews, and in this way, they settle in the town center

1775

Beginnings of a Jewish Community -
The Vierländersejm (AKA "Vaad Arba Artzot", "Council of the Four Lands"), the highest authority of the Jewish self-government, allows the establishment of an independent Jewish community in Żółkiewka. 

In the same year, the Jewish community consecrates a wooden synagogue and a cemetery

1809

Żółkiewka becomes part of the Duchy of Warsaw

Congress Poland

1816

Żółkiewka becomes part of Congress Poland.
Lublin Voivodeship is formed from the Lublin Department as part of Congress Poland.

1827

506 Jews live in Żółkiewka, they are 64% of the total population

Russian Empire

1837

In the aftermath of the November Uprising earlier that decade (1830–1831), the administrative division is reformed once again, bringing Congress Poland closer to the structure of the Russian Empire: Lublin Voivodeship is initially transformed into Lublin Governorate / guberniya.

1852

The wooden synagogue is burned in a fire

1857

385 Jews live in Żółkiewka - 51% of the total population

1861

Polish peasants (just as their Russian counterparts) are freed of feudal obligations. This effects the rural Żółkiewka 

1863

Poland's patriots were not satisfied and demanded unification with the old Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In January 1863, a rebellion breaks out against the Russian Empire – The January Uprising. The uprising is suppressed, and the Kingdom of Poland or Congress Poland are dissolved and incorporated into the Russian Empire.
Russian becomes the official language of the country, used exclusively in all offices of the general and local government. Studies in the schools are ordered to be in Russian as well.

1863 to 1868

In 1868, after the January Uprising, as part of the repression of the Tsar, Żółkiewka is deprived of its town status. 

1868

A new Synagogue replaces the burnt one

1897

About 70% of the total population of Żółkiewka is Jewish

Late 19^th Century

A postal service is set up in the village

1906

A Credit Society was established for Żółkiewka and the neighboring communes of Rudnik and Rybczewice.

World War I

1914-1916

Żółkiewka is occupied by German forces.

1914 to 1918

The German occupiers imposed economic restrictions on the Jews and confiscate their wares.

Towards the end of the war the inhabitants suffer bombardment by the retreating German army, and many houses are destroyed.

1916 to 1918

The Kingdom of Poland is a state created during World War I (in 1916) by Germany and Austria-Hungary after their conquest of the former Congress Poland from Russia.
The kingdom, largely considered a puppet state, is transformed into the Second Polish Republic at the conclusion of the war.

Inter-War Period

1918

A hospital is opened in Krasnystaw servicing the neighboring communes including Żółkiewka

1918 to 1939

The Second Polish Republic / Republic of Poland / the Commonwealth of Poland refers to Poland between the two world wars; a period in Polish history in which Poland is restored as an independent state.
It continued to exist until 1939, when the second World War brokes out

1921

1308 Jews live in Żółkiewka composing about 65% of the total population (according to the 1921 census)

1921 to 1926

The road from Żółkiewka to Krasnystaw is paved

1928

An outbreak of anti-Semitic Pogroms

1931

The road from Żółkiewka to Turobin is paved

1935

A modern school building is constructed

1936

The cemetery, already extended and improved, is desecrated and many gravestones destroyed

1937 to 1938

More anti-Semitic riots take place - many Jews are beaten; house and shop windows are smashed

21 May 1938

A major part of Żółkiewka is destroyed by a huge fire that burnt down the brick synagogue as well as hundreds of wooden houses, most of them Jewish. 
Most Jewish families either stay in temporary lodgings or move to nearby villages.
There are about 1,500 Jews living in Żółkiewka

The outbreak of war and the German occupation does not allow for proper reconstruction. Therefore, the primitive housing survives until the late 1970s when a housing cooperative was set up.

World War II

1939
September to October

Division of Poland between Germany and the Soviet Union pursuant to the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact:
Żółkiewka is "in between" for about a month -

In the first days of September it is occupied by German troops.

As a result of the negotiations, they withdraw on 28 September and the Russians enter Żółkiewka. 

As a result of additional agreements reached in early October the Russians retreat and Żółkiewka is momentarily no man's land. 
Then the Germans occupy the village for a second time.

1939
7 & 8 October

On the night between 7 & 8 October 1939, during the few days between the Russian retreat and the Nazi re-entry, there is a pogrom against the Jewish population killing 23 Jews and leaving many more wounded

1940

A Judenrat & a Jewish police force are formed.
Hundreds of Jews are sent to forced labor camps in Belzec & Ruda-Opalin. Many die in the harsh conditions.

1941

A forced labor camp and a ghetto are established

1942 May

14^th May action rounds up the Jews in the market place and transports them to Krasnystaw. From there they are sent to the extermination camp in Sobibor.
All the remaining Jews are concentrated in the ghetto

1942 October

The remaining Jews are sent to Belzac extermination camp

9 May 1945

Germany accepts an unconditional surrender. 
Poland's borders are redrawn following the decisions made at the Potsdam Conference of 1945 at the insistence of the Soviet Union.

Under USSR Influence

1945 -

With the beginning of the liberation, control over Polish territories passes from the occupying forces of Nazi Germany to the Red Army and from the Red Army to the Polish Communists who hold the largest influence under the provisional government. After the War many people are willing to accept Communist rule in exchange for the restoration of relatively normal life; tens of thousands join the communist party and actively support the new regime.
Nonetheless a latent popular discontent remained present

The Jewish cemetery is annihilated – remains and headstones are removed and the area is utilized for small industrial storage.
It is never restored

1975 to 1998

The commune administratively belongs to the Zamość province

1980-1990

The independent trade union "Solidarity" is formed and over time becomes a political force swiping by 1990 the parliamentary elections and the presidency. 
A new non-Communist government, the first of its kind in the former Eastern Bloc, is sworn into office in September 1989.
1990 is thought by many to be the formal end of the Communist People's Republic of Poland and the beginning of the modern Republic of Poland.

Republic of Poland

December 1999

Official name is changed to Żółkiewka-Osada

2008

The village has a population of 790, none Jewish.

Archive

Years

Record Type

Lublin [Archive #35]

(mostly fond 1791)

1826 – 1870, 1875

BMD

Zamość [Archive #88]
(mostly fond 789
 but also 648 for mixed records in some years)

1826 - 1863

BMD
Some years not available yet online

1864 - 1880

BMD
Not available yet online

1881

BMD

1882

Missing

1883 - 1905

BMD

1906

Missing

1907 - 1914

BMD

1915 - 1917

Missing

1918 - 1921

BMD
Not available yet online

1921 - 1929

M
Not available yet online

Years

District

(powiat)

Province

(voivodeship)

Country

13^th Century

Chelm

Kingdom of Poland

1569-1795

Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

1795-1807

Habsburg-Austria

1807-1815

Krasnystaw

Lublin

Duchy of Warsaw

1815-1836

Krasnystaw

Lublin

Congress Poland

1837-1914

Krasnystaw

Lublin

Congress Poland under Russian Empire

1914-1916

Krasnystaw

Lublin

Germany

1916-1939

Krasnystaw

Lublin

Second Polish Republic

1945-1975

Krasnystaw

Lublin

People's Republic of Poland

1975-1998

Zamość

People's Republic of Poland

Today

Krasnystaw

Lublin

People's Republic of Poland