====== Yurevichi on the Pripyat ====== * Icenka, U.F., Yurevichi on the Pripyat. Minsk, 2000. 65 pages. ISBN 985-6119-43-X. * Ісаенка, У. Ф., Юравічы над Прыпяццю. — Мн.: УП «Арты-Фэкс», 2000. — 65 с.: іл. ISBN 985-6119-43-X. {{:sources:books:yop:toc_-_scan002.png?direct&200|Table of Contents}} ===== Table of Contents ===== - In the heart of Polessie ... 3 - Relief as a trace of the glacier ... 6 - Mammoth hunters ... 9 - Amazing antiquity ... 12 - Life in forest-steppe ... 14 - In the shades of somber forest ... 16 - Neolithic daybreak ... 19 - Going for "goods" with axes in hands ... 22 - The acquisition of the motherland ... 23 - Drigavichi pride ... 25 - Gradnya on Yura ... 27 - The light of Christianity .. 29 - Princes rumbles ... 30 - In Grand Duchy of Lithuania ... 33 - The first data ... 35 - From the distemper to the war ... 39 - Missionaries-enlighteners ... 42 - The relic of Polessie ... 45 - Under the double eagle wings ... 49 - The land is a footstep away freedom ... 53 - A new century ... 57 - Yuravichi chronicles ... 61 - Illustrations ... 65 ===== Timeline ===== ; 250-200 thousand years ago : Dneprovsky glacier retreat. A moraine ridge stretches from Mozyr till Yuravichi. ; 50-30 thousand years ago : The greatest warming in the middle of Poozerskaya ice age. ; 40 thousand years ago : A debacle of melt waters breaks from morained basin through a moraine ridge near Yuravichi. The narrow valley appeared. ; 26 thousand years ago : Mammoth hunters settled down on the bank of the Pripyat. The first Upper Paleolithic site. ; 7000-4500 B.C. : Pathfinders settled down in the valley of the Pripyat. Yuravichi-2, Akulinka, Lubnya, Lomish, Narovlya sites. ; 4500-2000(1800) B.C. : The dneprodonetskaya Neolithic culture. The settlements of fishermen: Yuravichi(near Litvin Lake), Slobodka, Grada, Shareyki(lakes). ; 500-800 : The Eastern-Slavic tribes settle apart. Settlements and graves are in Yuracvihi(Litvin), Slobodka, Shareiki. ; 980 : The first knowledge of Turov. Yuravichi foundation (950-1000). ; 988 : Christianization of Russia in Turovschina (990-1000). ; 988-1009 : Svyatopolk Yaropolchi in Turov. ; 1005 : Episcopacy in Turov. ; 1155 : The first knowledge of Mozyr (the property of Svyatoslav Olgovich). ; 1170 : Possible knowledge of Yuravihi-Mejimoscse. ; 1150-1154? : Andrei Yuravich in Turov ; 1155-1160 : The battle for Kiev and Turov between Volinsk princes and Yurii Dolgoruky. ; 1159 : Svyatoslav Olgavichi owns Mozyr again. ; 1157-1162 : Yurii Yaroslavichi (from Volinsk) in Turov ; 1162-1190 : Svyatopolk Yuravich in Turov ; 1241 : The mongol-tatars of khan Guyk destroy Kiev lands. ; 1273 : Polessye first appears in Ipacseyski chronicle. ; 1280 : The Lithuanians defeated mongol-tatars near Mozyr. ; 1320 : Narimunt the son of Gedemin temporarily owns Mozyr. ; 1342-1345 : The lands near Mozyr and Rechitsa (besides these towns) as well as Yuravichi with its suburbs and Litvin Lake started became the part of Grand Duchy of Lithuania. ; 1388 : Vitovt let the Jews to settle in Lithuania. ; 1390 : The Tartars destroyed Turov ; 1413 : The establishment of Minsk province (practically since 1566) that included Yuravichi. ; 1430-1434 : Grand prince Svidrigailo gave up Yuravichi to Bogdan Serbin for his service. ; 1497 : Mozyr lands were ruined by the Tartars. Kiev Metropolitan Makarii was killed. ; 1502-1527 : The Tartars attack almost every year generally in winter. ; 1505 : The depredation of Krim princes Mahmet-Girey, Bitsi-Girey and Burnas from Loev crossing till to the central part of Belarus. ; 1508 : Prince Glinsky launched an insurrection in Mozyr. ; 1510 : The first record about Yuravichi as the property of Senka and Fedka Bogdanocich-Serbin ( according to Lithuanian metrics). ; 1521, 1534 : The Tartars butchered and ruined Mozyr. ; 1535 : Moscow troops headed by Telepnev and Prince Auchina-Abalensky attacked the towns in Pripyat region. ; 1550 : Yuravichi belongs to Mozyr volast ; 1552 : Another record of Yuravichi: it belongs to landowner Koscushkovich and there are 23 homesteads. Yuravichi is a adscripted to Mozyr castle. ; 1565 : Yuravichi is part of Mozyr povet of Kiev voivodship. ; 1569 : Yuravichi and Mozyr povet are in Minsk voevodship. ; 1600 : Yuravichi belongs to Servacsiy Askerak who is a tycoon and a ruler. ; 1622 : The treasure with coins was burried in Yuravichi (found in 1951). ; 1630 : Our Lady icon got to Society of Jesus in Yuravichi from Poland. ; 1647-1654 : The liberation movement of Cossacks in Ukraine. Bogdan Hmelnicsky. Peasants rebellions at Polessye. ; 1649 : Colonel Krichevsky conducts his campaign through Yuravichi to Loev in August. ; 1652 : Jesuits in Mozyr start their missionary work in Yuravichi. ; 1659 : A Russian troop headed by Prince Volkonsky occupied Mozyr. ; 1666 : On the map of D'Abevil Yuravichi is called Yurovo. ; 1670 : Mozyr became royalty. ; 1673 : A wood chapel was built and cosecrated in Yuravichi on September 5 to keep the Our Lady icon. ; 1674 : Barbara Lashchina(of Yudzicskie) and Mariana Baibuzyanka-Katarskaya gave their property to the Jesuits - the two parts of Yuravichi. ; 1678 : A poem in honor of "Wonderful panna Yuravicskaya at habitable hills between Polessye deserts" was printed in Vilno in Polish. ; 1680 : Jesuits mission in Yuravichi. ; 1683 : Yuravichi was given royal privileges. ; 1715 : A new Catholic Church was built. ; 1717 : The building of a new cloister with a church started. ; 1722 : Prudok and Shareiki farmsteads are given up to the Jesuits. Kustovnitsa and Mitkovshchina estates are given up to them in a year. ; 1727 : Yuravichi was given privileges for trade from the king Avgust II. ; 1732 : Taras Orshicsky constructed the main altar in the Catholic Church. It was donated by Stepan Petrovsky. ; 1742 : Priest Francsishak Kolberg published his writing "The wells of Maria's wonderful grace from Yuravichi hills" in Polish. The second edition was published in 1755. ; 1748 : Gaydamaks ransacked Yuravichi residence on October 14. ; 1756 : Yuravichi abbey opened a school. ; 1758 (Septemer 5) : Wonderworking icon of Yuravichi Lady was relocated to a newly built Catholic Church. ; 1773 : Pope Klimentiy XIV forbade Jesuit orden that had been functioning since 1673. ; 1773 : Bernardians settled down in Yuravichi abbey till 1789. ; 1778 (May 5) : The last king Stanislav-Avgust Ponyatovky gave privileges to Yuravichi. ; 1789 : Dominicans at Yuravichi abbey till 1799. ; 1787 : Yuravichi Church school established (40 pupils). ; 1793 (May 4) : Minsk province(gubernia) was established. Yuravichi is a part of Mozyr povet. ; 1794 (June) : Yuravichi Georgiev Church along with Shareyskaya Mikolaevskaya Church withdrew the union and joined Orthodox Church. ; 1795 : Restoration of the abbey school in Yuravichi (till 1820). ; 1800 : Capuchins had served in Yuravichi abbey till 1832 by the order of Minsk bishop Y.Dzederka. ; 1802 : Yuravichi is a part of Rechitsa povet. ; 1839 : There are 70 homesteads in Yuravichi. ; 1840 : Yuravichi wharf on the Pripyat works. ; 1840 : Yuravichi Catholic Church was given back to Catholic parish as a parochial church. A wooden Saint Toitskaya Church was built. ; 1845 : Yuravichi old-time residents grow up: Bulgak, Kozlovsky, Kovshun, Kasyan, Komchanko, Kusher, Myalanichi, Nagorny, Prudkevich, Chuhel, Yushchenko ; 1863 : 756 people live in Yuravichi. 136 of them are Jews. ; 1863 : Yuravichi Catholic Church was closed. The last priest was H.Horadecsky. Catholic Churches were only in Barbarov and Mozyr since then. ; 1864 (November 27) : The Catholic Church was given up to Orthodox department. General governor Muravyev took care about it. ; 1865 : 534 tons of goods (spirit, tobacco, wood, wool) were dispatched from Yuravichi wharf. The grand total was 11.600 rubles. ; 1865 : Anton Sakovich painted a lot of icons. ; 1865 : The first public school in Yuravichi established. Mihail Drozdovsky was among the first teachers. ; 1866 : Catholic parish in Yuravichi was finally closed. ; 1868 : On the second day of Trinity Alexander II presented the icon of Saint Prince Alexander Nevsky to Yuravichi people. ; 1870 : A military route was laid through Yuravichi. ; 1871 : A public school for women was established in Yuravichi. Alena Mitrofanovna was the first teacher. ; 1872 : The reconstruction of Yuravichi Catholic Church into twelve-cupola Orthodox Church headed by architect S.Ivanov. ; 1876 (September 18) : The statement of completion of "Vo imya Rozhdestva Presvyatoi Bogorodicsi" cathedral building was signed. ; 1878 : There are 22 settlements in Yuravichi volast - 18 elderships and 19 communities. According to other sources the are 43 villages. ; 1885 : There are 177 homesteads, 756 people and 1231 Orthodox believers in Yuravichi. ; 1890 : A post-office appeared in Yuravichi and there are 10 beds in the hospital. ; 1890 : Fedor Melej from Glinishci (grandfather of Belarussian writer I.P.Melej) is a foreman in volast (till 1898). ; 1901 : About 1000 people live in Yuravichi. The town is locally controlled. There are a police office, the church, a pharmacy, a synagogue. 750 tons of goods were dispatched from the wharf ; 1904 : There are revolutionary groups in Yuravichi (up to 50 members). ; 1905 (Spring) : Mass meetings of Yuravichi peasants. ; 1905 (September) : Peasants strikes in Aleksichi and Berozka villages. ; 1906 (January) : Repressions of Tsar authorities. ; 1906 (Fall) : Commotions in Yuravichi when Russo-Japanese War soldiers came back. ; 1917 (November 23) : Yuravichi people learnt about the October revolution. ; 1917 (December 5) : The representative of Rechitsa Sovet declared the first decrees of Soviet power in Yuravichi.