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CHRONOLOGY OF THE HOLOCAUST
1943
January 11
President Roosevelt submits his budget to the U.S. Congress. 100 billion of the 109-billion-dollar budget is identified with the war effort.
January 22
Forces representing Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the U.S. capture the southeaster tip of New Guinea from Japanese troops, in an attempt to protect Australia from a Japanese invasion.
January 23
British forces capture Tripoli.
February 7
In the U.S., shoe rationing begins, limiting civilians to three pairs of leather shoes per year. The ration in Britain is one pair per year.
February 8
Allied forces capture Guadalcanal, in the Solomon Islands, in heavy fighting.
February 16
Dr. Mildred Harnack-Fish, a German resistance fighter born in the U.S., and sentenced to death by the German government for her work in the Resistance, and is beheaded at Berlin's Plotzensee Prison.
February 28
A group of wives of Jewish men gather in Berlin to stop the deportation of their husbands to concentrations camp. The group of women will grow to 1,000 by March 8 and will succeed in forcing Joseph Goebbels to order the release of 1,500 men.
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March 13
The Auschwitz death camp is greatly enlarged. It is now called Auschwitz-Birkenau.
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March 29
Meat rationing begins in the U.S., but the ration is 28 ounces per week, and meat production rises by approximately 50 per cent.
April 1
In the U.S., meat, fats, canned goods, and cheese are now all rationed. Attempting to stem inflation, President Roosevelt freezes wages, salaries, and prices.
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April 19
The uprising in the Warsaw ghetto begins. SS troops under the command of General Jurgen Stroop attacked the 60,000 Jews living in the area. Despite valiant resistance, the uprising is crushed and the ghetto liquidated. Most are taken to Maidanek death camp.
April 21
Jews convicted of crimes are transported to extermination camps, principally Auchwitz. It is not difficult for a Jew to be convicted of a crime. Beginning in the middle of 1941, it is a criminal offense to use public transportation, keep pets, visit a barber shop, possess a typewriter, possess electrical appliances, possess any woolen or fur clothing,
May 16
The Warsaw Uprising ends. General Stroop's own records claim that 56,065 Jews died.
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May 27
In the U.S., President Roosevelt issues an executive order forbidding racial discrimination by government contractors.
May 29
In the U.S., an issue of The Saturday Evening Post is published with a cover illustration by Norman Rockwell that introduces an American icon known as "Rosie the Riveter."
June 14
The U.S. Supreme Court rules, in West Virginia Board of Education v. Bernette, that a West Virginia state law that requires school children to salute the flag, on penalty of expulsion, is unconstitutional.
June 22
Anti-black race riots in Detroit, involving thousands, leave thirty-four people dead. A race riot in Harlem, New York City, will erupt on August 1.
July 5
The Battle of Kursk begins. Soviet troops will eventually defeat the Germans, after a week of heavy fighting and tens of thousands of casualties on both sides.
July 9
An invasion of Sicily begins by British paratroopers and American airborne troops.
September 9
Although the Allies have announced the unconditional surrender of Italy, German forces in Italy continue to oppose Allied troops. When the U.S. Fifth Army lands at Salerno, they sustain heavy losses.
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October 14
Over 300 Jewish prisoners escape from Sobibor death camp in eastern Poland. Himmler orders Sobibor closed and completely destroyed. The revolt closed a death camp that had murdered 600,000.
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There are now approximately 15,000 Jews living in the Third Reich.
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November 6
Soviet troops retake Kiev.
December 17
President Roosevelt repeals the U.S. Chinese Exclusion Acts of 1882 and 1902, thus allowing Chinese residents of the United States to be eligible for citizenship. The new Chinese Act also allows for the immigration of up to 105 Chinese annually.
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Home -
Introduction -
Prologue -
Preface -
Table of Contents -
Chapter 1 -
Chapter 2 -
Chapter 3 -
Chapter 4 -
Chapter 5 -
Chapter 6 -
Chapter 7 -
Chapter 8 -
Chapter 9 -
Chapter 10 -
Guest Book -
References
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