Skuodas, Lithuania
Alternate names: Skuodas [Lith], Shkod [Yid], Shkudy [Rus], Szkudy [Pol], Schoden [Ger], Skoda [Latv], Shkud, Skuodo, Skudoas, Skouds, Skouda
56°16' N, 21°32' E


Shkud: Annotated Bibliography


Sources Specific to Shkud:

Shtetl Shkud: Includes information on the history of Skuodas; historical and present-day photos of the town; detailed information on Shkud's almost 200 Jewish families with photos where available; English-language translations of video testimonies; and links to other important sites. Also includes a blog on the author's visits to Skuodas, including interviews with older residents who remember the Jewish community; Holocaust education and commemoration; and a Lithuanian-language shadow site. Updated regularly.

Jews in the Memories of Skuodas People. Ed. Brone Rusinskiene, 2002. Skuodas Museum Archive. Translated from Žydai Skuodo Gyventojų Atsiminimuose. Interviews with Skuodas citizens about their former Jewish neighbours and the community's destruction. Available only on Shtetl Shkud.

Malkinson, Aaron. "My Shtetl Shkud." Jewish Affairs May 1976. A memoir. Available on Shtetl Shkud.

Kihilat Shkud: Kovets Zikaron. Tel Aviv: Former Residents of Skuodas, 1948. The New York Public Library has an online collection of Yizkor books. Click on the link for Skuodas to see a scanned copy of the Hebrew/Yiddish text.

Memorial Book of Skuodas Translated from Kihilat Shkud: Kovets Zikaron. Tel Aviv: Former Residents of Skuodas, 1948. JewishGen, Inc. A Yizkor book published in Hebrew in 1948, available in English translation on the JewishGen site. Offers a general overview of the community, its institutions, prominent citizens, and destruction. Includes photos and a necrology.

Shaf-Brener, Hana. Testimony on the Murder of the Jews of Shkud, Lithuania. Translated from HaEdut al Retsah Yehude Shkud. Quick Printing: Haifa, 2001. JewishGen, Inc. Details the mass murders of the Jewish community, subsequent investigations of the murders by USSR authorities in 1945, the 1960s reburial of the victims, and the trial of the perpetrators. Includes translations of articles from 1960s Lithuanian newspapers commemorating these events. Also includes a detailed necrology with information on almost 200 families.

Encyclopedia of Jewish Communities in Lithuania. Esther Etinger and Josef Rosin. (Translated from Pinkas Hakehillot Lita: Encyclopedia of Jewish Communities, Lithuania. Ed. Dov Levin and Yosef Rosin. Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, 1996). JewishGen, Inc. A chapter from an encyclopedia containing information on about 500 Lithuanian Jewish communities and their histories. The more general sections on Jews in Lithuania are also worth reading.

Skuodas: The Untold Stories. Yad Vashem. A brief history of Shkud and its destruction with photos and documentary evidence. Also search Yad Vashem's "Shoah Names Database" (under Digital Collections) to find Pages of Testimony on individuals and families that perished in the Holocaust.

Skuodas. People of 1000 Towns. YIVO. (Click on "Search." Log in - it's quick and easy - and search for Skuodas to find historical photographs.


Personal Family Pages involving Shkud:

Brenner, Elinor. "Our Voyage of Discovery: Shkud." The Judelman Family Tree. In 2008, the author visited Skuodas to connect with her family's roots. She wrote a short essay describing her experience there.

Skuodas. Fisher Family. A family genealogical site with information on Shkud and other communities. Click on "Open Site," then "Table of Contents," and then "Skuodas." An English translation of "The History of Shkud" by Eliahu Reif, a version of which appears in The Memorial Book of Skuodas, is also available.


Lithuanian Bibliography (with references to Shkud)

Bubnys, Arūnas. "Holocaust in Lithuanian Province in 1941." International Commission for the Evaluation of the Crimes of the Nazi and Soviet Occupation Regimes in Lithuania. Enter "Holocaust in Lithuania" into the search box (Paleška). Then click on "2.1, Murders and Other Crimes…" This is a long, detailed academic article with footnotes; information on Skuodas appears on pp. 48-50.

The Tragedy of Lithuania 1941-1944: New Documents on Crimes of Lithuanian Collaborators During the Second World War. Moscow: Aleksei Iakovlev, 2008. This book is available online in PDF format. You can find it by googling the title. Information on Skuodas is available on pp. 104-106 and 159.