The 1929 Skala Taxpayers' List

An Introduction and Translation
by Lancy Spalter

Return to Skala Kehilalinks page

In 1929, the officials of the Jewish community of Skala made an assessment of the taxes to be paid to the community during 1929-1930 by each of the families deemed of sufficient means to be taxed. Some community members felt that the amounts stipulated in the assessment were beyond their means. Not having been able to settle this dispute with the community officials, they appealed to the Starosta in the district capital of Ternopol. The Starosta, who was the adminstrative head of the local villages, asked for a copy of the assessment, looked at the documents and finally remanded the dispute to the community officials, instructing them to reach a settlement with the protesters.
Thanks to this event, which must have caused much distress in the community, the list of heads of household and the amounts to be paid by each was kept in the archives of the Starosta in Ternopol. Today, a microfilmed copy of the list is at the Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People in Jerusalem. I saw the microfilm and transliterated the list.
The list does not include all the household heads, only those who were expected to pay taxes.
A native of Skala, who was personally acquainted with many of the people in this list, contributed his comments and clarifications concerning names and places. His remarks have been added to the list as end notes.

S/N	SURNAME	NAME	TOWN/VILLAGE	AMOUNT (ZLOTY)
001	AUERBACH	HERSCH	SKALA	10.00
002	AUERBACH	LEIB	SKALA	8.00
003	AUGENBLICK	ELIAS	SKALA	6.00
004	AUGENBLICK	ISAK	GUSZTYN	6.00
005	ASCHENDORF	IRE	SKALA	6.00
006	ASCHKENAZY	HERSCH	SKALA	4.00
007	BANNER	ARON	SKALA	4.00
008	BENZION	FISCHEL	SKALA	6.00
009	BEZNER	KALMAN	LOSIACZ	6.00
010	BILGREI^[1]	KALMAN	SKALA	6.00
011	BILGREI^[2]	MOSES	LOSIACZ	8.00
012	BLUTSTEIN	HERSCH	SKALA	4.00
013	BLUTSTEIN	RACHEL	SKALA	4.00
014	BLUTSTEIN	ABRAHAM	SKALA	12.00
015	BLUTSTEIN	BERL	SKALA	6.00
016	BLUTSTEIN	CHAIM	SKALA	2.00
017	BLEICH	JOZEF HERSCH	SKALA	2.00
018	BLOCH	JOZEF	SKALA	6.00
019	BOSYK	SZAJE	SKALA	6.00
020	BOSYK	MARKUS	SKALA	4.00
021	BRANDES	MENDEL	SKALA	8.00
022	BRANDES	JAKOB BER	SKALA	8.00
023	BRENER	JUDA	SKALA	6.00
024	BRETTSCHNEIDER	JOSEF ARON	SKALA	4.00
025	BRETTSCHNEIDER	ABRAHAM	SKALA	8.00
026	BRETTSCHNEIDER	GEDALIE	SKALA	12.00
027	BRETTSCHNEIDER	NECHEMIE	LOSIACZ	4.00
028	BRETTSCHNEIDER	SEIDE^[3]	LOSIACZ	8.00
029	BRETTLER	NACHMAN	SKALA	16.00
030	BRIMER	ISRAEL	SKALA	2.00
031	BRIMER	MOSES	SKALA	6.00
032	BRÜLLER^[4]	MOSES	SKALA	12.00
033	BUGA	CHAIM ISRAEL	SKALA	8.00
034	BUGA	JOZEF	SKALA	8.00
035	BUGA	LEIB	SKALA	8.00
036	DEUTSCHMAN	PINKAS	SKALA	4.00
037	DOLINER	ELIAS	SKALA	8.00
038	EDELMAN	ARON s. JOELA^[5]	SKALA	6.00
039	EDELMAN	ARON s. MOSESA^[6]	SKALA	4.00
040	EDELSTEIN	HERSCH	SKALA	4.00
041	EHRENBERG	MENDEL	SKALA	8.00
042	EHRLICH	MEIER	CYGANY	6.00
043	EISENFELD	MENDEL	CYGANY	4.00
044	EISENFELD	JAKOB SENDERA^[7]	CYGANY	6.00
045	EISENFELD	CHAIM	CYGANY	2.00
046	EISENFELD	JAKOB CHAIMA^[8]	CYGANY	2.00
047	EISENFELD	SEIDE	CYGANY	10.00
048	ENGELBACH	CHAIM BER	SKALA	6.00
049	EISNER	JOSEF	SKALA	2.00
050	ELKES	NUCHIM	SKALA	4.00
051	FEUERSTEIN	MOSES	SKALA	10.00
052	FEUERSTEIN	LEISER	SKALA	2.00
053	FEUERSTEIN	CHAIM LEIB	SKALA	8.00
054	FEUERSTEIN	MENDEL	SKALA	8.00
055	FEUERSTEIN	GEDALIE	SKALA	8.00
056	FEUERSTEIN	ISRAEL SCH.	SKALA	8.00
057	FEUERSTEIN	ISRAEL JOZEFA^[9]	SKALA	2.00
058	FEUERSTEIN	SUCHER	SKALA	6.00
059	FEUERSTEIN	CHAIM EIZIG	SKALA	6.00
060	FEUERSTEIN	CHANE	SKALA	10.00
061	FEUERSTEIN	PINKAS	LOSIACZ	6.00
062	FEUERSTEIN	JAKOB	GUSZTYN	6.00
063	FEUER	ELISZE^[10]	WIERZBOWKA	4.00
064	FEINSILBER	YECHIEL	SKALA	12.00
065	FEINSILBER	SISIE	SKALA	12.00
066	FIDERER	BENZION	SKALA	24.00
067	FISCH	DAWID	SKALA	8.00
068	FISCH	PINKAS	SKALA	4.00
069	FISCHHOF	JOZEF	LOSIACZ	8.00
070	FOISTER	IZRAEL	DEBOWKA	12.00
071	FREIFELDER	IZRAEL LEIB	SKALA	50.00
072	FRENKEL	ABRAHAM	SKALA	12.00
073	FRENKEL	KLARA	SKALA	8.00
074	FRISCH	BORUCH	SKALA	6.00
075	FUSS	ISAK	SKALA	8.00
076	FLASCHNER	MAKS	GUSZTYNEK	50.00
077	GARFUNKEL	ISAK	SKALA	8.00
078	GARFUNKEL	FISCHEL	SKALA	8.00
079	GEMEINERMAN	FISCHEL	SKALA	8.00
080	GELBARD	ISAK	SKALA	12.00
081	GELBARD	JONAS	SKALA	6.00
082	GERTLER	ISAK	SKALA	16.00
083	GOLDENBERG	FISCHEL	GUSZTYN	10.00
084	GOLDHIRSCH	MEIER	SKALA	6.00
085	GOLDSCHEIN	AZRIEL	SKALA	16.00
086	GOLDSCHEIN (false SCHWARZBACH)	ISRAEL	SKALA	4.00
087	GOTTESFELD	MOSES	DEBOWKA	12.00
088	GOTTESFELD	LEON	BURDIAKOWCE	4.00
089	GOTTESFELD	MECHEL	SKALA	4.00
090	GOTTESFELD	AZRIEL	SKALA	8.00
091	GOTTESFELD	BENJAMIN	SKALA	4.00
092	GOTTESFELD	MOSES	SKALA	12.00
093	GOTTESFELD	ESTER	SKALA	6.00
094	GOTTESMAN	BENJAMIN	SKALA	12.00
095	GOTTFRIED	MECHEL	SKALA	16.00
096	GOTTLIEB	LEIB	SKALA	8.00
097	GROSSMAN	MOSES	CYGANY	6.00
098	GRUNBERG	ABRAHAM	SKALA	12.00
099	GRUNHUT	SALOMON	CYGANY	4.00
100	GRUNMAN	IZRAEL	SKALA	6.00
101	GRUNMAN	JOEL	SKALA	6.00
102	GRUNSBERG	OSIAS	SKALA	4.00
103	GELMAN	OSIAS	GUSZTYNEK	6.00
104	HAMER	MOSES	SKALA	50.00
105	HAUSNER	SALOMON	SKALA	50.00
106	HAUSNER	ISAK	SKALA	12.00
107	HECHTENTHAL	ISAK	SKALA	12.00
108	HELLER	MOSES JAKOB	CYGANY	6.00
109	HELLMAN	ISAK	SKALA	6.00
110	HERSCHER	USZER	SKALA	8.00
111	HERSCHER	ISAK	SKALA	4.00
112	HERSCHER	NATAN	SKALA	8.00
113	HERSCHER	SALMON	SKALA	8.00
114	HERSCHER	ELIAS	SKALA	16.00
115	HERZOG	JOZEF	SKALA	6.00
116	HESCHELES	SAMUEL	SKALA	8.00
117	HOROWITZ	JOZEF	BURDIAKOWCE	4.00
118	JAGET	JOZEF	SKALA	50.00
119	JAGENDORF	MOSES	SKALA	50.00
120	JAGENDORF	CHAIM	SKALA	12.00
121	JAGENDORF	MECHEL	SKALA	12.00
122	JAGER	SALOMON	SKALA	4.00
123	JAWETZ	BENZION	SKALA	4.00
124	JOLLES	ELIAS	SKALA	10.00
125	JUSIM	JAKOB	SKALA	10.00
126	KARMIN	HERSCH	SKALA	50.00
127	KASSIERER	IZRAEL	SKALA	16.00
128	KASSIERER	FEIBISCH	SKALA	8.00
129	KASSIERER	MOSES ABRAHAM	SKALA	6.00
130	KASSIERER	RACHMIEL	SKALA	24.00
131	KASSIERER	OSIAS	SKALA	4.00
132	KELLMAN	SANIE	SKALA	8.00
133	KELLMAN	MENDEL	SKALA	6.00
134	KLINGER	RUCHEL	SKALA	30.00
135	KLINGER	CHAIM LEIB	SKALA	24.00
136	KLINGER	SEIDE HERSCH	SKALA	12.00
137	KLINGER	ALTER KRAGLA	SKALA	4.00
138	KLINGER	BENJAMIN	LOSIACZ	20.00
139	KOHN	MESCHL	SKALA	4.00
140	KOHN	LIPE	SKALA	12.00
141	KOWAL	JOSEF	SKALA	10.00
142	KREITNER	MAJER	SKALA	6.00
143	KREITNER	ALTER	LOSIACZ	5.00
144	KLEINROCK	MAKS	GUSZTYNEK	50.00
145	LACHMAN	SCHMAJE	SKALA	8.00
146	LANDAU	HERSCH	SKALA	10.00
147	LANDAU	MAJER	LOSIACZ	6.00
148	LEMBERG	SALOMON	SKALA	4.00
149	LEIBOWICZ	CHAIM	SKALA	8.00
150	LINDMAN	CHAIM	SKALA	6.00
151	LOWENKRON	MOSES	SKALA	4.00
152	LUNENFELD	LEIB	SKALA	6.00
153	MANN	ISAK	SKALA	8.00
154	MEISELMAN	CHAIM	SKALA	6.00
155	MELZER	SCHMARJE	SKALA	400.00
156	MELZER	MOSES DAWID	SKALA	300.00
157	MELZER	EISIG	SKALA	4.00
158	MENCZEL	MOSES EFROIM	SKALA	16.00
159	MESSING	DAWID	SKALA	4.00
160	MONDSCHEIN	FATEL	CYGANY	10.00
161	MOSNER	MOSES	SKALA	16.00
162	MOSNER	LEIBISCH	SKALA	8.00
163	OLLINGER	DEBORA	SKALA	20.00
164	OLLINGER	ALTEN^[11]	SKALA	4.00
165	OPPER	CHAIM	SKALA	4.00
166	PEKER	ISRAEL	SKALA	16.00
167	PLITT	ISAK	SKALA	6.00
168	PRESSEL	MANES	SKALA	8.00
169	POHORYLES	HANS	ZALUCZE	40.00
170	RABINOWICZ	ABRAHAM	SKALA	6.00
171	RAPP	IZRAEL	LOSIACZ	8.00
172	RAPAPORT	CHAIM ABRAHAM	SKALA	12.00
173	ROSENBAUM	HERSZ	CYGANY	10.00
174	ROSENZWEIG	WOLF LEIB	BURDIAKOWCE	10.00
175	ROSENBLATT	SOSIE	SKALA	4.00
176	ROSENKOCH	ALTER	SKALA	6.00
177	ROSENWALD	SAMSON	SKALA	4.00
178	SANDBERG	ARON MOSES	IWANKOW	12.00
179	SANDBERG	ISAK	SKALA	4.00
180	SCHAPIRA	ISRAEL	BURDIAKOWCE	6.00
181	SCHAPIRA	ARON SAMUEL	BURDIAKOWCE	6.00
182	SCHAPIRA	MOSES	PODFILIPIE	24.00
183	SCHAPIRA	DR. OTTO	SKALA	30.00
184	SCHAPIRA	ABRAHAM	IWANKOW	6.00
185	SCHARFSTEIN	CHAIM	CYGANY	10.00
186	SCHIFF	MENACHEM	SKALA	40.00
187	SCHNITZER	MENDEL	SKALA	16.00
188	SCHWARZ	JAKOB	ZALUCZE	8.00
189	SCHWARZ	DAWID	SKALA	6.00
190	SCHWARZBACH	SEIDE	SKALA	50.00
191	SCHWARZBACH	MORDKO	SKALA	20.00
192	SCHWARZBACH	WOLF s. M.D.^[12]	SKALA	20.00
193	SCHWARZBACH	JAKOB ?	SKALA	4.00
194	SCHWARZBACH	KALMAN	SKALA	8.00
195	SCHWARZBACH	DAWID	SKALA	6.00
196	SCHWARZBACH	LIPE	SKALA	4.00
197	SCHWARZBACH	HERSZ s. Y.S.^[13]	SKALA	6.00
198	SCHNEIDER	JOZEF	SKALA	4.00
199	SCHNEIDER	CHAIM	SKALA	4.00
200	SCHRENZEL	DAWID	SKALA	8.00
201	SILBER	JUDA	LOSIACZ	5.00
202	SILBERBUSCH	DAWID	TURYLCZE	8.00
203	SILBERBUSCH	LAZAR	TURYLCZE	8.00
204	SILBERBUSCH	CHAIM	TURYLCZE	8.00
205	SILBERBUSCH	MOSES	TURYLCZE	8.00
206	SEIDMAN	MARKUS	GUSZTYN	40.00
207	SOBEL	SEIDE	SKALA	6.00
208	SOMER	ALTER	SKALA	16.00
209	STACHEL	LEIB	SKALA	8.00
210	STECKMAN	M.SELIG	SKALA	2.00
211	STEINIG	MEIER	CYGANY	6.00
212	STEINER	NUTA	SKALA	12.00
213	STEINER	USZER	SKALA	10.00
214	STERNSCHEIN	NUSEN	SKALA	4.00
215	STERN	ADOLF	SKALA	8.00
216	STOCK	FEIBISCH LIEBER s. WOLFA^[14]	SKALA	200.00
217	STOCK	URCIE	PODFILIPIE	12.00
218	STOCK	LUWISCH	SKALA	12.00
219	TABAK	LIWSCHE^[15]	SKALA	40.00
220	TABAK	CH.SISIE^[16]	SKALA	12.00
221	THALER	HERSCH	SKALA	6.00
222	WALDMAN	ARON	SKALA	40.00
223	WALLACH	ISAK LEIB	SKALA	6.00
224	WARMBRAND	MEIER	CYGANY	6.00
225	WASSERMAN	WOLF LEIBA^[17]	CYGANY	20.00
226	WASSERMAN	CHAIM LEIBA^[18]	SKALA	16.00
227	WASSERMAN	CHAIM s. SCHAJA^[19]	SKALA	6.00
228	WASSERMAN	JAKOB	SKALA	8.00
229	WASSERMAN	WOLF s. JAKOBA^[20]	SKALA	4.00
230	WASSERMAN	MOSES	SKALA	50.00
231	WASSERMAN	LEISER^[21]	SKALA	12.00
232	WEIDBERG	MARKUS	SKALA	24.00
233	WEIDBERG	MOSES	SKALA	20.00
234	WEIDBERG	BERISCH	SKALA	8.00
235	WEIDENFELD	DAWID ELO	SKALA	8.00
236	WEIDENFELD	BORUCH MOSES	SKALA	6.00
237	WEIDENFELD	SALOMON	SKALA	6.00
238	WEINFELD	MOSES	SKALA	4.00
239	WEINGAST	SEIDE^[22]	SKALA	6.00
240	WEINGAST	MATES	SKALA	4.00
241	WEINGAST	LEISER^[23]	SKALA	4.00
242	WEINRAUB	SALOMON	SKALA	20.00
243	WEINRAUB	MOSES	SKALA	4.00
244	WEINRAUB	CHASKEL SIMON	SKALA	4.00
245	WEINRAUB	ABRAHAM	SKALA	12.00
246	WEINRAUB	NACHMAN	GUSZTYNEN^[24]	6.00
247	WEINTRAUB	HERSCH	SKALA	10.00
248	WEIZMAN	BERL	LOSIACZ	6.00
249	WEISER	NATAN	LOSIACZ	8.00
250	WEISER	MOSES	LOSIACZ	10.00
251	WEISSMAN	DAWID	SKALA	8.00
252	WEISINGER	MECHEL	SKALA	10.00
253	WEISINGER	MEILECH	SKALA	10.00
254	WEISINGER	MALE	SKALA	6.00
255	WIESENTHAL	ZACHARJE	SKALA	10.00
256	WIESENTHAL	DR. DAWID	SKALA	30.00
257	WIESENTHAL	FEIBISCH	SKALA	4.00
258	WIESENTHAL	HERSCH	SKALA	6.00
259	WIESENTHAL	MAJER	CYGANY	6.00
260	WIESENTHAL	ARON	CYGANY	6.00
261	WEINFELD	BABE	SKALA	6.00
262	ZIMERMAN	TODRES	SKALA	8.00
263	KREMNITZER	MARKUS	SKALA	6.00
264	SCHINDLER	SALOMON	SKALA	3.00

Endnotes

Actual surname was Bilgorei Return

Actual name was Zeide Return

Surname was pronounced BRILLER Return

Aron son of Joel Return

Aron son of Moses Return

Jakob son of Sender Return

Jakob son of Chaim Return

Israel son of Jozef Return

Actual name was Elisza Return

Actual name was Alter Return

Wolf son of Moshe David Return

Hersz son of Yisroel Szymon Return

Feibisch Lieber son of Wolf Return

Actual name was Lifsche Return

Actual name was Chaim Zisie Return

Wolf son of Leib Return

Chaim son of Leib Return

Chaim son of Schaja Return

Wolf son of Jakob Return

Actual name was Leizer Return

Actual name was Zeide Return

Actual name was Leizer Return

Name of village was Gusztynek Return