Text to photo 31:

A close-up of the plaque: "Here lies the remains of the inhabitants of Kholmich shot in August 1941." It appears that the Jewish star may have been added later. Note: In the book, Jews in Belarus, one chapter of which is summarized in the next section, the author states that (fairly recently) an administrator of Kholmich approved money for a Jewish memorial marker which included the names of 57 Jews who died in the massacre. (He did this after the government had refused to allocate the funds). It is unclear if that memorial marker is the same as the one pictured here. An attempt will be made to find out.