also known as: Csuszka (HU), Tuška (CZ), Tjushka (RU), Tushke (Yid)
48°57' N / 23°39' E
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Tyushka
was part of the Kingdom of Hungary (11th century - 1920 and 1938-1944) with the name of Csuszka
in Máramaros megye (county), next part of Czechoslovakia (1920-1938) with the name of Tuška
in Podkarpatská Rus (Sub-Carpathia), then part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1945-1991) with the name of Tjushka
and, since 1991, known as Tyushka, in the Mizhhirskiy rayon (district) of Zakarpats'ka oblast (county) of Ukraine.
In Yiddish, Tyushka was known as Tushke.
Other spellings/names for Tyushka are Tjuška, Tyuska and Tjuschka.
Tyushka is located about twelve miles northwest of Mizhhirya (Ökörmező).
Jews probably settled in Tyushka in the late 18th century.
In 1880, the Jewish population was 72 (of a total population of 352), and in 1910, 120.
By 1921, during the Czechoslovakian period, the Jewish population dropped to 95. A number of Jews were engaged in agriculture and commerce.
By 1930, the Jewish population increased to 119.
With the Hungarian occupation of Tyushka in March, 1939, Jews were persecuted and pushed out of their occupations. In 1940-41, dozens of Jews from Tyushka were drafted into forced labor battalions and others were drafted for service on the Eastern front, where most died.
By 1941, the Jewish population had increased to 122 and it was at this time, a few Jewish families without Hungarian citizenship were expelled to Nazi occupied Ukrainian territory, to Kamenets-Podolski, and murdered there.
The remaining Jews of Tyushka were deported to Auschwitz late May, 1944.
A great many of the Jews from Tyushka were murdered in Auschwitz and any survivors settled elsewhere.
In 2001, Tyushka had about 835 inhabitants and no Jews live there today.
Sources (portions): The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust, (2001) p. 416 Budapest, 1941
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