Sholem Aleichem (1859-1916)
Born Sholem Rabinovich in Pereyaslav in 1859, Sholem Aleichem, called "the Mark Twain of Yiddish" in his day, was the author of numerous short stories, novels and plays, and is best known today for the Tevye stories upon which the Broadway musical and film Fiddler on the Roof are based.
Wikipedia article on Sholem Aleichem

Yitzhak Kaplan (1874-1929)
Born in Pereyaslav in 1874, Yitzhak Kaplan was an actor and playwright in the Yiddish theater in Eastern Europe and New York where he died in 1929 and was buried.
Museum of Family History Article on Yitzhak Kaplan

Louise Nevelson (1899-1998)
Born Leah Berliawsky in Pereyaslav in 1899, Louise Nevelson (Nevelson was her married name) and her family immigrated to America in 1905 and settled in Rockland, Maine.  She became an artist whose sculptures have been exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Walker Art Center.
Wikipedia article on Louise Nevelson (which doesn't mention that she was Jewish)
Jewish Women's Archive article on Louise Nevelson

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