Back to Ludza Home Page| Source | Abbreviation |
| Ben-Arzi, Yosi, Ein-Zaitim , The Nature Society, Tel Aviv, 1981 | EZ |
| Ben Hillel, Mordechai, My World , Volume 4, Mitzpe, Tel Aviv, 1936 | BH |
| Ben-Zion, Michael, Abandoned Settlements , Milo , Tel Aviv, 1980 | MBZ |
| Harozen, Y, The Vision of Settlements in the Galilee , Rav Kook, Jerusalem , 1971 | VS |
| Oren, Elchanan, Settlements During The Years of Struggle , Yad Ben Zvi, Jerusalem, 1975 | AA |
| Klausner, Israel, The Zionist Movement in Russia , Volume 3, The Zionist Library, Jerusalem, 1965 | ZM |
| ZM Achiasaf - A Literary and Useful Folk Calendar –1894,1895, AKIAKA, Warsaw, 1895,1896 | AL |
| Yardeni, Nachman, “A Letter about Rezekne”, Archives of Latvian and Estonian Jewry, Shefaim, 1981 | LR |
| ARESHET , “The History of Ein Zaitim”, Rav Kook, Jerusalem , 1966 | AR |
| Encyclopedia Judiaca , V. 6, 14, 15, Keter, Jerusalem , 1972 | EJ |
[4] Even more so, than Baram, Shaferam and Pekin . VS, p. 308
[7] The modern French historian Franco wrote about this. Ibid, p. 310
[9] There were forty families in 1522, and fifty-two families in 1555. EZ, p. 173
[11] According to Franco this later became a Mosque. VS, p. 310
[12] According to Franco, this is considered the first printing press in the east. Ibid, p. 310
[13] EJ, V.5. p. 540, He was the author of a book entitled O rder of the Day . EZ, p.173
[15] MBZ, p.81 The place was important in the period of the Mishnah, and the middle ages due to the Rabbis that were here, and the graves of those that were buried here of in the near vicinity. Many of them were important to the Arabs as to the Jews. VS, p. 308-10
[18] Rabbi Israel of Shklov (He was one of the followers of the Gaon ofVilna who settled in Safed, in 1810. EJ, V. 14, pps. 628-9), in his book The Table's End tells of such a situation after the riots of 1834. EZ, p. 173
[20] Bek was known and liked by the Jews and Arabs of the area. He was also known for his method of herb healing from plants found in the area..VS, pps. 323-5
[23] The founding of the settlements of Rehovoth, Hadera, Mishmar Hayarden and others signifies this. EZ, p.173. Tiomkin initiated private land purchases (without the help of the Baron) in the Land of Israel . He sent experts to examine the land, and local representatives to check out the areas. ZM. P. 65. However, his plans were soon spoiled by land speculations and the financial losses incurred by many of his investors. EJ, pps. 1148-9; He used the invested money for the expenses of the organization. ZM, pps 122-3 '
[24] Ibid, p. 65. A number of these didn't succeed. MZ, pps122-3
[28] The Baron was usually willing to help with the buying of land, but not to help new settlers financially. ZM, p.180; He did however ask that sixty workers from Rehovot be given work in EinZeitim, when their situation was very bad in 1892. Aside from helping to find work, he wasn't allowed by the secretariat of the settlements to help them in other ways. ZM, p. 205
[29] Most of those who invested were from the middle class. It was examined by agronomists, from Europe , and declared fit for the planned type of farming. MBZ, pps. 82-3
[31] MBZ, p. 82; AR, p. 474; four years EZ, p.137
[32] A the acquisition of land was difficult during this period, for sales of land had been canceled, and the entry of Jews to the country was not always allowed. ZM, p. 123
[34] EZ, p. 138. It was twenty thousand dunam, according toZM. ZM, p.123
[37] The Arabs of the area believed in the holiness of the area because of the great Jewish saints who had lived here, and were buried here. Therefore they wanted it to be theirs. VS, p. 312, f. 7
[38] He was known to be a “saint”. Ibid, p. 316
[39] The common solution was to put up a frame and a roof during the night Ibid, p.316
[40] ZM, p.124. The Baron helped those who looked up to him and not those who insulted him [for example the incident of acquiring the area of Machaniam and a group of Moscow Jewry). ZM, p.65
[47] EZ, p.124; This is true only of Levinson. VS. pp 320-1
[51] Israel Colonizing Organization, MBZ, p. 83. This was an organization that helped settlers, but at their own expense. AR, p. 475
[56] There was a big argument in all the Jewish settlements about the doing of agricultural work, because of the new agricultural developments in the country and the hard economic situation the Jewish workers were in. In Ein Zeitim, it was decided that work to keep the trees alive was to be done. ZM, p. 329
[57] Levinson's father, Rabbi Nahum was a friend of Motefiore's. Queen Victoria therefore received him. The next time they met, Her Majesty asked him to make peace between the Rabbis of India. Because of his success in this matter, he was granted British citizenship. Afterwards all his sons received special rights, according to the laws of the colonies. Therefore Levinson was able to bring the dispute to the British Consul in Beirut . VS, p.321
[58] Letters were sent by those who had come, to try to speed up the Aliyah of those who found it difficult to leave Rezekne, and other places.Ibid, p. 313
[59] Many of them weren't faithful to the payments. VS, p. 312
[60] He stayed in Eun Zeitim, until his death, and he was always willing to tell about the settlement. Ibid, p. 312
[72] This meeting wasn't organized or run fairly. This is according to a letter sent by Rabbi Yona Blumberg-Harari to Rav Kook, in 1899, who was then the Rabbi of Jaffa. He states here that he believes that this was an organized way to cause innocent members who weren't present to lose money, and that in addition Ein Zeitim was bringing in money, at this later date. AR, pps. 476-8
[77] EZ, p. 175. See p. 9, of this article
[79] Rabbi Berenblat and Rabbi Maimon were forced to leave the country. VS, p. 322
[81] The author doesn't recall the year. LR, p. 2
[84] Dina was a midget, and became deaf. She married a wagon-driver from Petach Tikvah. He seemed to have been interested at first in the money she would get, for this property. As happens they got on quite well. They dealt with this matter for a long time. Ibid, pps. 2-4
[98] after a few years he published his articles about the settlements in a book: Rejuvenation of a People and a Land
[99] these can be found in the Zionist Archives. VS, p. 318, fs.10-14