Krasilov |
This link
contains articles about Arkady Vyner. He was the teenager
who managed to jump off the German truck and survive. One
article, in Ukrainian,"Twice Shot" ("Двічі
розстріляний") tells his life story, another in
Russian, "Visiting Arkady Vyner" ("В
гостях у Аркадия Вайнера") is about the visit the
site's owner and the curator of the graves restoration
project Nikolaj Pekarskiy and his wife made to see the
Vyners. |
"Twice Shot" Published in 2016 This article is similar to Arkady's 1978 letter to Soviet Authorities There were seven people in his family –
parents, three sisters, and two sons including him. They
lived in Manivtsy near Krasilov. There was nothing
unusual about that Jewish family; their life was very
similar to all other families around them. His mother
headed the poultry farm while his father performed
casual labor. With the Germans arriving in July of 1941,
all the Jews from the region were forced to relocate to
a ghetto near the village of Kulchin. The ghetto was
circled by barbed wire and all the Jews in ghetto had to
wear a yellow start of David. The life conditions there
were very difficult, and the people were forced to do
variety of hard labor. In the beginning of the summer of
1942, the captives were moved to a different ghetto,
where they lived in the former horse stables. People
there kept dying from malnutrition, diseases, and cold.
Fodder beets was the main food of the people. In other
words, they were fed like cattle. Occasionally they were
given a pea soup. Those trying to escape the ghetto were
shot. Every morning, the Germans had headcount of the
people. Those who were too weak were shot. The labor the
prisoners were doing was very hard. They were loading
huge stones on trailers. If it was impossible to lift
the stone, then people had to roll it 5 to 6 kilometers
to its destination. Sometimes while loading the stone it
would fall and kill or injure those underneath.
Sometimes the Germans had cruel entertainment – they forced the prisoners to load the stones to a trailer and pull it to its destination, unload, load it again and bring it back to its original place. They were laughing while watching this. Those who could no longer do such a work were killed. Sometime later people were transferred to another camp located in Manivtsy. From there, Germans would take the captives group after group and shoot them. Arkady's parents were killed in such a way. He himself however decided that he would not be taken to the grave. “I'll try to escape, it's better to be killed while trying to escape.” ...On that day he was in the back of the truck which was driving him and others to the graves. There were two policemen - one in the corner, and one next to Arkady. While the truck was driving in the forest, Arkady stood up, pushed the policeman next to him overboard and jumped outside. He started to run towards a creek. The policemen started to shoot and even wounded him in the arm. He hid in the brush until darkness and then went to the village. Nobody was looking for him. His former school principal let him in his house, treated his wound, fed him and hid him in the attic. There he was until he recovered. Meanwhile his rescuer managed to obtain a false ID for Arkady. After that he decided to leave the house because it was too risky to keep staying there. He needed to find a job to feed himself. He eventually found a good job at the grain threshing machine, plus he was driving his boss in a horse carriage. One day, his boss told him to take two drunk Germans to Starokonstantinov on a horse carriage. He also asked Arkady to steal a briefcase the Germans had with them. He did what he was told. Later as they became more sober, the Germans realized that the briefcase was missing and started to hit Arkady. He never told him anything, and they decided to kill him. As they were taking him to the grave, he once again managed to run away and hide. The Germans were shooting at him, but he only got a single light wound. This time another family let him in. Later, with the return of the Soviet Army he joined it. He was not even 17 at the time. Many years after those events, Arkady received a letter from Israel from his former teacher Faina Gruber. She was from Starokonstantinov and was at the same ghetto with him. Somehow bullets missed her during shooting, she fell among those killed around her, and later at night managed to extricate herself from the terrible mass grave. It is very difficult to recollect those events, but we must do it to avoid repeating them in the future. Arkady always thinks about it and regularly visits the graves. He did it more often while he was younger. Currently he and his family live in Bershady, Vinnitsa region. He finished college and has a degree in economics. For many years he was working in the variety of management and administrative positions. He is 85 now, but he is still very active. He heads a local veteran’s chapter and volunteers. He is even involved with veterans' choir. Nowadays Arkady Vyner and his wife live in Khmelnitsky. His health is not as good as before, so his stepped down from heading the veterans' chapter. However he still can't sit still, and he got involved with the project to restore the monuments to the victims of Holocaust in Manivtsy and Rosolivtsy [the restoration of three grave sites was completed 2016 link to pictures] (See the original article in Ukranian
which has some nice pictures link)
|
"Visiting Arkady Vyner" Published in 2014 Nikolaj [Pekarskiy] and his spouse
visited the Vyners in November of 2014 in Khmelnitsky,
where they now live. He was 86 at the time. The rest of
his family were killed during the war. Arkady's wife
Lidiya Vyner is 89 and is handicapped. She is a very
communicable person, loves and adores her husband. The
Vyners moved to Khmelnitsky due to Lidiya's poor health
condition. Prior to that they lived in Bershad near
Vinnitsa. Lidiya always supported and inspired him.
Arkady is still very active and tries to volunteer.
We spent a lot time talking about the events of the war.
It was not easy for him to talk about them.
(See the original article in Russian which has some nice pictures link) |
Both articles translated by A. Shkiler |
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Copyright © 2017 Barry Chernick |