| Date |
Events in Kalinovka |
Jewish Historical Events |
European Historical Events |
Source |
| 10 - 11th century |
|
|
Podolia under the rule of the Kings of Kiev |
Ivrit |
| 1240 |
|
|
Invasion of the Tatars |
Ivrit |
| 1370 |
|
|
Taken over by the large kingdoms of Lita |
Ivrit |
| 1569 |
|
|
Reunited under Polish Rule |
Ivrit |
| 16th century |
|
The Kabalah becomes wide spread in Podolia due to trade between the Jews of Podolia & the Jews of the Balkans & Turkey |
|
Ivrit |
| 17th century |
|
The Sabbatian movement gains ground in Podolia |
|
Ivrit |
| 1618-1648 |
|
|
Thirty Years' War |
|
| 1648-1655 |
|
|
Chmielnicki Massacres |
M&M |
| 1654 |
|
|
Eastern Poland, White Russia & Lithuania conquered by Russia. Jews exterminated or expelled. |
M&M |
| 1667 |
|
|
Podolia under Polish Rule |
M&M |
| 1672 |
|
|
Podolia conquered by the Turks |
Ivrit |
| 1699 |
|
|
Podolia returned to Poland |
Ivrit |
| 18th century |
|
The Frankist movement is founded in Podolia |
|
Ivrit |
| 18th century |
|
Podolia is the cradle of Hasidism |
|
Ivrit |
| 1700-1760 |
|
Israel Baal Shem Tov - Besht
Beginning of Hasidism |
|
M&M |
| 1720-1797 |
|
Gaon of Vilna |
|
Ivrit |
| 1764 |
|
Council of Four Lands ceased to exist by royal act |
|
|
| 1765 |
4 Jews living in Kalinovka |
|
|
EJLBDH |
| 1768 |
Pogroms in Podolia |
|
|
M&M |
| 1772 |
|
|
Galicia is joined to Austria |
M&M |
| 1775-1783 |
|
|
American Revolution |
|
| 1789-1792 |
|
|
French Revolution |
|
| 1793 |
|
|
Second partition of Poland. Podolia now under Russian rule. |
|
| 1827 |
|
Conscription of Jews - 25 years "cantonists". Some Jews were even abducted at the age of 12, but time of service was reckoned from the age of 19. |
|
M&M |
| 1820s |
|
Special tax on 'kosher' meat and on Sabbath candles |
|
M&M |
| 1830-1831 |
52 Jews were farming in the Districts of Western Russia including Letichev (Podolia) |
|
|
|
| 1840 |
|
Damascus Blood Libel |
|
M&M |
| 1842 |
|
Jews of Poland forced to discharge military service in person like Russian Jews |
|
M&M |
| 1843 |
|
Bnai Brit founded in America |
|
LZ |
| 1845 |
|
Law frobidding the traditional Jewish mode of dress in Poland, as in Russia |
|
M&M |
| 1844 |
A proposal known as Razbor - "to declare Jews as useful". 10,000 Jews applied for status as colonists. Agricultural colonies in Volhynia, Podolia and Kiev established. |
|
|
|
| 1844-1864 |
Between 1844-1852, 19 Jewish argicultural colonies were established.
|
|
|
|
| 1848 |
|
Full Emancipation of Jews in France |
French Revolution |
M&M |
| 1853-1856 |
|
|
Crimean War |
|
| 1856 |
|
Ha-Maggid - first Hebrew weekly established in Russia |
|
M&M |
| 19th century |
|
Haskalah - Jewish enlightenment in Russia |
|
M&M |
| 1860 |
|
Alliance Israelite Universelle formed in Paris - chief program the defense of Jewish rights |
|
M&M |
| 1861-1865 |
|
|
US Civil War |
|
| 1868 |
|
Jews receive emancipation in Austria |
|
|
| 1869 |
|
Jews receive emancipation in Northern German Confederation |
|
|
| 1870 |
|
Agricultural School Mikveh Israel founded in Palestine |
|
M&M |
| 1871 |
|
Jews receive emancipation in Southern Germany |
|
|
| 1872 |
|
Society for the Spreading of Enlightenment among the Jewsof Russia |
|
M&M |
| 1873 |
|
Union of American Hebrew Congregations formed |
|
M&M |
| 1875 |
|
Hebrew Union College at Cincinnati opened |
|
LZ |
| 1877-1878 |
|
|
Russo-Turkish War |
|
| 1887 |
|
Petach Tikvah founded by Jews from Jerusalem |
|
M&M |
| 1880 |
|
ORT established in St. Petersburg |
|
LZ |
| 1881-1882 |
|
|
Pogroms in Russia - start of 2 decades of immmigration to America |
M&M |
| May 1882 |
|
|
'Temporary Rules' (the 'May Rules') which confined the Jews to the towns and townships of the Pale and forbade their settling in the villages. |
M&M |
| 1882 |
|
BILU - Beth Iaakob Leku Unelkah movement established at Kharkov |
|
M&M |
| 1884 |
|
Jewish Technical School at Zhitomir closed |
|
M&M |
| 1880s |
|
Hobebe Zion (Lovers of Zion) established with large centers in Odessa & Warsaw |
|
M&M |
| 1886 |
|
Jewish Theological Seminary opened in NY |
|
M&M |
| 1890s |
|
ICA - Jewish Colonization Association incorporated by Baron Maurice de Hirsch |
|
M&M |
| 1894-5 |
|
Trial of Captain Alfred Dreyfus in France |
|
|
| 1895 |
|
Theodore Benjamin Zeev Herzel writes his book 'Jews' State |
|
M&M |
| 1897 |
1,052 Jewish residents (41%) of population |
|
|
EJLBDH |
| 1897 |
|
World Zionist Organization founded |
|
LZ |
| Aug. 1897 |
|
First Zionist Congress in Basel |
|
|
| 1897 |
|
Hativah chosen as national anthem |
|
LZ |
| 1899 |
|
Jewish Colonial Trust founded |
|
M&M |
| 1900s |
|
Mizrachi Orthodox party under the leadership of Isaac Jacob Reines |
|
M&M |
| 1901 |
|
Jewish National Fund founded |
|
M&M |
| 1902-1914 |
|
29 new settlements started in Palestine with funds of the Zionist Organization |
|
M&M |
| 1903 |
|
|
Pogrom in Kishinev |
|
| 1905 |
|
Jewish Encyclopedia completed |
|
M&M |
| 1905-1906 |
|
|
Pogroms |
|
| 1905-1914 |
|
750,000 Jewish immigrants from Russia to US |
|
M&M |
| 1906 |
|
American Jewish Committee founded |
|
M&M |
| 1906 |
|
Bezalel School in Jerusalem founded |
|
M&M |
| 1909 |
|
Tel-Aviv founded |
|
M&M |
| 1911-1913 |
|
Beilis Trial |
|
M&M |
| 1912 |
|
Haddassah founded in NY |
|
LZ |
| 1914 |
|
Joint Distribution Committee - included American Jewish Joint Distribution (Relief Committee) and relief committees in neutral countries |
|
M&M |
| 1914-1918 |
|
|
First World War |
|
|
|
American Jewish Congress founded |
|
LZ |
| 1915 |
|
Zion Mule Corps made up of 600 Palestine refugees in Egypt which fought in Gallipoli. On disbandment formed nucleus of the Jewish Legion for service in Palestine. |
|
M&M |
| 1917-1918 |
|
|
British troops capture Palestine from the Turks |
|
| Nov. 2, 1917 |
|
Balfour Declaration |
|
|
| Feb. 1917 |
|
|
Revolution broke out in Russia |
|
| 1917 |
|
End of czarist government brought the repeal of anti-Jewish laws. |
|
M&M |
| 1918-1921 |
|
|
Russian Revolution |
|
| 9 May 1919 |
Pogrom - 10 Jews murdered
Additional riots in the following months |
|
|
EJLBDH |
| July 1919 |
7-8 Jews murdered in riots. |
|
|
EJLBDH |
| 1919-1939 |
|
|
Western Podolia under Polish Rule |
Ivrit |
| 1921 |
|
World ORT Organization established |
|
LZ |
| 1922 |
|
High Commissioner of Palestine declares Hebrew as an offical language on a par with English & Arabic |
|
|
| 1924 |
|
Palestine Jewish Colonisation Association founded by Baron Rothschild |
|
|
| April 1925 |
|
Hebrew University in Jerusalem formally opened |
|
|
| 1920s |
1,097 Jewish residents |
|
|
WOWW |
| 1924 |
Jewish Kolhoz was founded employing dozens of Jews. |
|
|
EJLBDH |
|
Jewish school was opened under Soviet rule and operated until the 1930s. |
|
|
EJLBDH |
| 1929 |
|
|
Pogroms in Palestine |
LZ |
| 1936 |
|
World Jewish Congress founded |
|
LZ |
| 1936-1939 |
|
|
Pogroms in Palestine |
LZ |
| 1939 |
Jewish population 979 |
|
|
EJLBDH |
| 1939 |
|
|
White Paper - British report recommending against partition of Palestine |
|
| Sept. 1939 |
|
|
Germany invades Poland |
|
| June 22, 1941 |
|
|
Germany invades Russia |
|
|
Part of the Jewish population succeds in fleeing by train to the area of Tashkent in the eastern part of the Soviet Union. |
|
|
|
| 22 July 1941 |
Germans capture Kalinovka. |
|
|
EJLBDH |
| Summer 1941 |
510 Jews murdered outside the town. |
|
|
EJLBDH |
| mid-1942 |
Skilled workers who had been kept alive, were killed. |
|
|
EJLBDH |
| April 1943 |
|
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising |
|
LZ |
| August 1943 |
|
Bialystok Ghetto Uprising |
|
LZ |
| Sept. 1943 |
|
Vilna Ghetto Uprising |
|
LZ |
| May 8, 1945 |
|
|
War in Europe offically over |
|
| 29 Nov 1947 |
|
UN partitions Palestine |
|
|
| 14 May 1948 |
|
State of Israel is declared |
|
|
| 1948 |
|
War of Independence |
|
|
| 1949-1950 |
|
Operation Flying Carpet
50,000 Jews from Yemen flown to Israel and 1,770 Jews from Aden. |
|
LZ |
| April 1950 |
|
Operation Ezra & Nechamia
130,000 Jews flown from Iraq to Israel. |
|
LZ |
| 1956 |
|
Sinai Campaign |
|
|
| June 1967 |
|
Six Day War |
|
|
| Oct 1973 |
|
Yom Kipur War |
|
|