The first mention of a small Jewish community in Humpolec dates back to 1385. The respective record was kept in the archives of the nearby Zeliv (Seelau) Monastery. In the second half of the 14th century, several Jewish families resided in Humpolec but were subsequently forced to leave the town. The exact time of their expulsion is unknown. Presumably, in 1618, there were again several Jewish families living in Humpolec. According to the official census of the Jewish population conducted in 1719, there were about ten resident Jewish families in Humpolec at that time - in all, fifty-two people - who lived in Zichpili (as the Jewish quarter was called). They were immediate subjects of the Heralec domain and had the obligation to pay their overlord for protection (the so-called “Schutzgeld”). The 1719 census list also contains evidence that the Jewish inhabitants of Humpolec already had their own cemetery and maintained a prayer hall in a private home. The official Jewish community was established presumably during the first quarter of the 18th century. In 1787, Humpolec counted twenty-four Jewish families. In 1850, there were already sixty-one Jewish families (280 persons) - six percent of the total population. In 1890, there were 324 people of Jewish faith living in Humpolec; by 1930, the number of Jewish residents in town dropped to only eighty-nine due to the ongoing Jewish migration to bigger cities and towns. The community was not reestablished after the Holocaust.