Verkhniy Studenyy, Ukraine Верхній Студений, Yкраïна
also known as: Felsőhidegpatak (HU), Vyšný Studený (CZ), Verkhniy Studenyy (RU)
48°44' N / 23°21' E
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Verkhniy Studenyy
was part of the Kingdom of Hungary (11th century - 1920 and 1938-1944) with the name of Felsőhidegpatak
in Máramaros megye (county), next part of Czechoslovakia (1920-1938) with the name of Vyšný Studený
in Podkarpatská Rus (Sub-Carpathia), then part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1945-1991) with the name of Verkhniy Studenyy and, since 1991, known as Verkhniy Studenyy, in the Mizhhirskiy rayon (district) of Zakarpats'ka oblast (county) of Ukraine.
In Yiddish, Verkhniy Studenyy was known as Studniya.
Other spellings/names for Verkhniy Studenyy are Felső-Hidegpatak, Studene Vizhne, Verkhne-Studënyy and Verhnyij Sztudenij.
Verkhniy Studenyy is located
about thirty-five miles northeast of Mukacheve (Munkács).
Jews probably settled in Verkhniy Studenyy in the mid-19th century.
In 1880, the Jewish population was 138 (of a total population of 778).
By 1921, during the Czechoslovakian period, the Jewish population rose to 189.
With the Hungarian occupation of Verkhniy Studenyy in March, 1939, Jews were persecuted and pushed out of their occupations. In 1940-41, dozens of Jews from Verkhniy Studenyy were drafted into forced labor battalions and others were drafted for service on the Eastern front, where most died.
In 1941, the Jewish population dropped to 155. Some Jews were farmers. A few Jewish families without Hungarian citizenship were expelled to Nazi occupied Ukrainian territory, to Kamenets-Podolski, and murdered there.
The remaining Jews of Verkhniy Studenyy were deported to Auschwitz late May, 1944.
A great many of the Jews from Verkhniy Studenyy were murdered in Auschwitz and any survivors settled elsewhere.
In 2001, Verkhniy Studenyy had about 759 inhabitants and no Jews live there today.
Sources (portions): The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust, (2001) p. 1418
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