also known as: Kisdobrony (HU), Malá Dobroň (CZ), Malaya Dobron' (RU)
48°26' N / 22°21' E
~ Introduction ~
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Mala Dobron'
was part of the Kingdom of Hungary (11th century - 1920 and 1938-1944) with the name of Kisdobrony
in Bereg megye (county), next part of Czechoslovakia (1920-1938) with the name of Malá Dobroň
in Podkarpatská Rus (Sub-Carpathia), then part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1945-1991) with the name of Malaya Dobron'
and, since 1991, known as Mala Dobron', in the Uzhhorodskyi rayon (district) of Zakarpats'ka oblast (county) of Ukraine.
Other spellings/names for Mala Dobron' are Mala Dobrony.
In Yiddish, Mala Dobron' was known as Klayn Dobron
Mala Dobron' is located about thirteen miles south of Uzhhorod (Ungvár) and seventeen miles west of Mukacheve (Munkács).
Jews probably settled in Mala Dobron' in the early 19th century.
In 1830, the Jewish population was 15.
By 1880, the Jewish population was 182 (of a total population of 1,100).
In 1921, during the Czechoslovakian period, the Jewish population remained stable.
By 1941, the Jewish population dropped to 139.
Among the Jewish breadwinners were families that earned their livelihoods from farming and working or managing the towns mineral baths.
With the Hungarian occupation of Mala Dobron' in March, 1939, Jews were persecuted and pushed out of their occupations. In 1941, Jews from Mala Dobron' were drafted into forced labor battalions and others were drafted for service on the Eastern front, where most died.
In August, 1941, a number of Jewish families without Hungarian citizenship were expelled to Nazi occupied Ukrainian territory, to Kamenets-Podolski, and murdered there.
The remaining 140 or so Jews of Mala Dobron' were deported to Auschwitz mid-May 1944.
A great many of the Jews from Mala Dobron' were murdered in Auschwitz and a few survivors returned, but eventually settled elsewhere.
In 2001, Mala Dobron' had about 1,872 inhabitants and no Jews live there today.
Sources (portions): The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust, (2001), p. 788
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M. Y. EHRENREICH, USA
Nikoli KATZ, USA
Eliezer MAKOVETSKY, Israel
Nevek-Klarsfeld
Amos Israel ZEZMER, France
Avraham David ZOLDAN, Israel
and the following:
JewishGen members/descendants and
contributors of Mala Dobron' Jewish families:
below for pronunciation. )
